The Struggle for Regulatory and Economic Sphere of Influence in the Matatu Means of Transport in Kenya: A Stakeholder Analysis

The matatu is a small-scale public means of transport in Kenya. This paper analyses the struggle for regulatory and economic sphere of influence in the matatu means of transport in Kenya. The main finding in this paper is that the origin and growth of the matatu in Kenya has brought to the fore contending economic interests as well as the scramble for political influence, dominance and subordination. These contending interests arise due to an array of individuals, groups and businesses that are linked to the matatu. The realization of these interests affects the running of the matatu business as reflected in escalating costs, violence, risk of road traffic accidents and poor terms of service for workers. The conclusion in this paper is that the future of the matatu in Kenya will be affected as long as the business continues to straddle the economic, social and political spheres.Institute of Transport and Logistics Studies. Faculty of Economics and Business. The University of Sydne

Saving lives beyond 2020: The next steps

Road safety analysis can be used to understand what has been successful in the past and what needs to be changed in order to be successful to reduce severe road trauma going forward and ultimately what\u27s needed to achieve zero. This chapter covers some of the tools used to retrospectively evaluate real-life benefits of road safety measures and methods used to predict the combined effects of interventions in a road safety action plan as well as to estimate if they are sufficient to achieve targets near-term and long-term. Included are also a brief overview of methods to develop boundary conditions on what constitutes a Safe System for different road users. Further to that, the chapter lists some arguments for the need of high-quality mass and in-depth data to ensure confidence in the results and conclusions from road safety analysis. Finally, a few key messages are summarized

Using the sustainability footprint model to assess development impacts of transportation systems

A review of the sustainability literature reveals the lack of viable frameworks and management tools that can be used to accommodate both spatial and temporal variability in how stakeholder entities meet their sustainable development goals, taking into account the fact that different entities may need to pursue different priorities and also deal with different constraints and schedules at different stages of their development. This paper presents a sustainability footprint framework and model that may be used in analyzing the impacts of transportation and other infrastructure systems on regional sustainable development. A specific application of the framework is in the quality of life contributions that transportation systems may make to communities as a function of their impacts on natural assets that contribute inputs and absorb the byproducts of development. The application is illustrated in a case study that uses data from the Atlanta and Chicago Metropolitan Areas to demonstrate how this model may be applied in real life situations. The implications of this model for transport systems research, policy and practice are discussed. The value of this framework and model lie in introducing both spatial and temporal flexibility that may enable stakeholders with widely different priorities to reach consensus on interim goals for sustainable development to ultimately attain sustainability.Sustainability footprint Ecological footprint Sustainable transportation Infrastructure decision making Consensus building

When bicycle lanes are not enough: growing mode share in Cape Town, South Africa: an analysis of policy and practice

This chapter provides an overview of South Africa's national and local 'infrastructure-first' approach, and it argues that this narrow approach evident in Cape Town until recently may go some way to explaining the lack of significant mode shift in the city since the first walking and cycling policy. It considers the conditions beyond infrastructure that have given rise to a bicycle culture and increased mode share in cities elsewhere – Bogota and Copenhagen, in particular. The chapter provides the cautions to the cities wishing to learn from the Cape Town experience are advised to learn from the city's mistakes, too – as Cape Town itself is doing. The 2017 draft Cycle Strategy, as released for public comment in January 2017, offers little evidence of a change in direction – and its draft vision continues the narrative thread of claiming leadership in terms of bicycle planning

Pedestrian Safety and the Built Environment : A Review of the Risk Factors

Urban and regional planning has a contribution to make toward improving pedestrian safety, particularly in view of the fact that about 273,000 pedestrians were killed in road traffic crashes in 2010. The road is a built environments that should enhance safety and security for pedestrians, but this ideal is not always the case. This article presents an overview of the evidence on the risks that pedestrians face in the built environment. This article shows that design of the roadway and development of different land uses can either increase or reduce pedestrian road traffic injury. Planners need to design or modify the built environment to minimize risk for pedestrians