Effect of self- care program based on the Orem frame work on self concept in multiple sclerosis patients

Background and Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, progressive and degenerative myelin sheath of the central nervous system. Manifestation and side effect of this disease drastically impress patient’s body image and destruct self concept. The objective of the implementation of this study was to evaluate the effect of Orem self- care program on multiple sclerosis patients’ self concept. Materials and Methods: This quesi-experimental study was done on 34 MS patients referred to Ayatollah Kashani hospital in Shahrekord – Iran, during 2008. The patients were selected by convenience sampling. 8 sessions educational program based on patients needs and Orem self care frame work during 3 months were carried out and with self reporting sheets program was pursued. After 3 months self concept questionnaire completed and data were analyzed by using SPSS-11.5 software and paired T, will kakson and kruskal wallis tests. Results: Mean of self concept, prior and post intervention was 60.67±4.20, 118.26±3.53, respectively (P<0.05). No significant correlation was found between age, gender, educational level, marriage status, number of children, occupation, level of income, duration of outbreak, times of hospitalized with self esteem. Conclusion: This study showed that self care program based on the Orem frame work has positive effects on self esteem in multiple sclerosis patients. Therefore this program is recommended in MS patients

Effect of Fordyce Happiness Model on depression, stress, anxiety, and fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis

Purpose This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Fordyce Happiness Model (FHM) on depression, stress, anxiety, and fatigue in MS patients. Methods In this clinical trial, 140 MS patients assigned to experimental and control groups. Depression, anxiety, stress, and fatigue were measured by Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 and Piper Standard Scale before and immediately and three months after the implementation of FHM. The data were analyzed by SPSS 18. Results Independent t-test indicated that total scores of stress, depression, and fatigue of the two groups were not significantly different before the intervention but were significantly different after the intervention (P˂0.05). Moreover, anxiety scores of the two were not significantly different after the intervention (P˃0.05). Conclusion FHM can assist MS patients to manage their disease and associated problems in life. Besides that, since FHM is efficient and costless, it can be incorporated into the health interventions for MS patients

A study of stigma among Iranian family caregivers of patients with multiple sclerosis: A descriptive explorative qualitative study

Aim This study was done to investigate the experiences of family caregivers of people with multiple sclerosis (MS) about stigmatization in Iranian health care context. Background Stigmatization has been observed obviously among patients with MS but few studies have been conducted on stigma among the family caregivers of these patients. Methods This qualitative study with thematic analysis was done to explore this issue. Fourteen family caregivers of patients with MS were selected by purposive sampling. The data were collected through in-depth and unstructured interviews. Results Four main subthemes emerged from the analysis of the transcripts: “feeling shame”, “fear of being ridiculed by others”, “ignored by family” and “concealing disease to be secure against the perceptions of disease”. Conclusions Healthcare professionals should be encouraged to inform caregivers about social engagement strategies and to train them on the management of stigma as an important factor for the reduction of their social problem

Evaluation the efficiency of school-based assertiveness program on self-advocacy and self-determination skills in high school students

زمینه و هدف: توجه به خودتصمیم‌گیری و خود‌حمایتی دانش‌آموزان، برای موفقیت در زندگی و آماده‌شدن جهت تصمیم‌گیری، امری ضروری است. مطالعه حاضر با هدف ارزیابی اثربخشی برنامه جرات‌ورزی بر مهارت‌های خودتصمیم‌گیری و خود‌حمایتی دانش‌آموزان دبیرستانی انجام شده است. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه نیمه تجربی140دانش‌آموز دختر (70 نفر آزمون و70 نفر کنترل) از دبیرستان های روزانه اصفهان شرکت داشتند. 8 جلسه برنامه به همراه پرسشنامه‌های اطلاعات دموگرافیک، جرات‌ورزیRichey و Gambrillو مهارت‌های خودتصمیم‌گیری و خودحمایتی به کار گرفته شد. اطلاعات با استفاده از آزمون‌های آماری تی مستقل، آزمون آنالیز واریانس با تکرار مشاهدات و کای اسکوئر تحلیل شدند. یافته‌ها :آزمون کای‌اسکوئر، اختلاف معنی‌داری را در متغیرهای دموگرافیکی بین دو گروه نشان نداد (05/0P)، اما در گروه مورد این اختلاف معنی‌دار بود (002/0P=). همچنین آزمون آنالیز واریانس با تکرار مشاهدات، اختلاف میانگین نمره مهارت‌های خودتصمیم‌گیری و خود‌حمایتی دانش‌آموزان گروه شاهد را معنی دار نشان نداد (05/0P>)، ولی در گروه مورد این نتایج معنی‌دار مشاهده شد (05/0

Evaluation of the Effect of Physical Activity Programs on Self-Esteem and Body Mass Index of Overweight Adolescent Girls, based on Health Belief Model with School-Centered Approach

Background: Obesity in adolescents leads to physical and mental complications. Exercise is one of the main components of weight control programs. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of physical activity programs on self-esteem and Body Mass Index of overweight adolescent girls. Materials and Methods: This study was a semi experimental study.The subjects were 140 second grade student girls from two high schools in 5th district of Isfahan. Data collection scales included: tape measure, carriage scale, questionnaire to collect background and personal information, designed questionnaire based on Health Belief Model, weekly physical self- reportedand adolescent weekly food record form, parent’s nutritional performance questionnaire, teachers’ attitude on adolescents’ nutrition questionnaire and Cooper Smith's Standard Self-esteem questionnaire. Education based program on Health Belief Model for improving nutritional status consistent with model structures during six sessions each 60-minute was conducted with emphasis on diet to control weight in overweight and at-risk adolescents. Questionnaires were compared immediately afterand two months after intervention. Results: Average score of model structures and self-esteem of students in both groups had no significant difference at baseline, but immediately after and 2 months after the intervention, the mean component scores were significantly higher in intervention group in comparison with the control group. There was a significant difference in component scores at different times in the experimental group. Significant difference in BMI scores was seen at different times in experimental group. Conclusion: Findings of this study showed that school based approach of physical activity training leads to increase in knowledge, sensitivity, severity and perceived benefits and eventually increase in self- esteem and physical activity in students