Strength of masonry with reticular reinforcement

The results of the research of the strength of masonry with transverse reinforcement are given. The coefficient of the effectiveness of reinforcement and the coefficient of the utilization of armature are defined. New dependence by determination of the durability of the squeezed elements is offered

Strength of masonry with reticular reinforcement

The results of the research of the strength of masonry with transverse reinforcement are given. The coefficient of the effectiveness of reinforcement and the coefficient of the utilization of armature are defined. New dependence by determination of the durability of the squeezed elements is offered

Degenerate weakly nonlinear elastic plane waves

Weakly nonlinear plane waves are considered in hyperelastic crystals. Evolution equations are derived at a quadratically nonlinear level for the amplitudes of quasi-longitudinal and quasi-transverse waves propagating in arbitrary anisotropic media. The form of the equations obtained depends upon the direction of propagation relative to the crystal axes. A single equation is found for all propagation directions for quasi-longitudinal waves, but a pair of coupled equations occurs for quasi-transverse waves propagating along directions of degeneracy, or acoustic axes. The coupled equations involve four material parameters but they simplify if the wave propagates along an axis of material symmetry. Thus, only two parameters arise for propagation along an axis of two-fold symmetry, and one for a three-fold axis. The transverse wave equations decouple if the axis is four-fold or higher. In the absence of a symmetry axis it is possible that the evolution equations of the quasi-transverse waves decouple if the third order elastic moduli satisfy a certain identity. The theoretical results are illustrated with explicit examples.Comment: 18 pages, no figure

Calculation of Compression of Reinforced Masonry Elements Taking Into Account Physical Non-Linearity of Their Materials

Секция II : Строительные конструкции зданий и сооружений, современные методы расчета и проектированияРассматривается метод расчета параметров напряженно-деформированного состояния поперечных сечений сжатых армокаменных элементов. Метод основан на положениях общей деформационной модели; он позволяет осуществлять расчет сечений элементов любой формы с любыми параметрами армирования, учитывая физическую нелинейность в виде диаграмм деформирования исходных материалов.=The article considers a method for calculating the parameters of the stress-strain state of the normal to the longitudinal axis cross-sections of compressed masonry and reinforced masonry elements. Method is based on the positions of the general deformated model; he makes it possible to calculate the cross-sections of elements of any shape with any reinforcement parameters, taking into account the physical non-linearity in the form of deformation diagrams of the initial materials

Calculation of Compression of Reinforced Masonry Elements Taking Into Account Physical Non-Linearity of Their Materials

Секция II : Строительные конструкции зданий и сооружений, современные методы расчета и проектированияРассматривается метод расчета параметров напряженно-деформированного состояния поперечных сечений сжатых армокаменных элементов. Метод основан на положениях общей деформационной модели; он позволяет осуществлять расчет сечений элементов любой формы с любыми параметрами армирования, учитывая физическую нелинейность в виде диаграмм деформирования исходных материалов.=The article considers a method for calculating the parameters of the stress-strain state of the normal to the longitudinal axis cross-sections of compressed masonry and reinforced masonry elements. Method is based on the positions of the general deformated model; he makes it possible to calculate the cross-sections of elements of any shape with any reinforcement parameters, taking into account the physical non-linearity in the form of deformation diagrams of the initial materials

Compression Resistance of Reinforced Stone Elements with Transverse Reinforcement

Рассматривается сопротивление сжатию армокаменных элементов с различными видами армирования. Приведены отдельные результаты испытаний. Выполнено сопоставление результатов расчета с экспериментальными данными.The compression resistance of reinforced stone elements with various types of reinforcement is considered. Separate test results are given. The calculation results were compared with experimental data

Retrospective analysis for detecting seismic precursors in groundwater argon content

We examined the groundwater Argon content data sampled from 1988 to 2001 at two wells in Kamchatka (Russia) and anomalous increases appeared clearly during June-July&nbsp;1996. On 21&nbsp;June, a shallow (1km) earthquake with <i>M</i>=7.1 occurred at a distance less than 250km from the wells and so the previous increases could be related to this earthquake and, in particular, could be considered premonitory anomalies. In order to support this raw interpretation, we analysed the data collected in details. At first we smoothed out the high frequency fluctuations arising from the errors in a single measurement. Next we considered the known external effects on the water of a well that are the slow tectonic re-adjustment processes, the meteorology and the gravity tides and we separated these effects applying band-pass filters to the Argon content raw trends. Then we identified the largest fluctuations in these trends applying the 3 σ criterion and we found three anomalies in a case and two anomalies in other case. Comparing the time occurrence of the anomalies at the two wells we found out that a coincidence exists only in the case of the premonitory anomalies we are studying. The simultaneous appearance of well definite anomalies in the residual trends of the same parameter at two different sites supports their meaning and the possibility that they are related to some large scale effect, as the occurrence of a strong earthquake. But, other earthquakes similar to the June&nbsp;1996 event took place during the Argon content measurements time and no anomaly appeared in this content. In the past, some of the authors of this paper studied the Helium content data collected in three natural springs of the Caucasus during seven years. A very similar result, that is the simultaneous appearance of clear premonitory anomalies only on the occasion of a strong (<i>M</i>=7.0) but shallow (2–4km) earthquake, was obtained. The correspondence with the case of the Caucasus validates the interpretation of the Kamchatkian anomalies as precursors