Evaluation of prescribing patterns in diabetic and hypertensive patients in a South Delhi Hospital

Background: Drug utilization studies (DUS) defined by World Health Organization as the marketing, distribution, prescription and use of drugs in a society, considering its consequences, either medical, social, and economic. The increasing importance of DUS as a valuable investigation resource in pharmacoepidemiology has been linking it with other health related areas, such as public health, pharmacovigilance, pharmacoeconomics, and pharmacogenetics.Methods: The study was a prospective DUS carried out in medicine OPD of Indian Institute of Technology Hospital, New Delhi, India in which a total of 595 prescriptions of hypertensive and diabetic patients were reviewed. All diabetic and/or hypertensive patients; irrespective of age, gender; who had least one drug in the prescription were included. Data were collected by screening of physician’s prescribing record and patient medication profile.Results: A total of 595 prescriptions were recorded. 57.31% were males as compared to 42.69% females. 54.62% patients were hypertensive (325 prescription); 14.78% patients were diabetic (88 prescription) whilst 30.58% had both the diseases. Of 507 prescriptions having antihypertensive drugs, combination therapy was utilized (40.8%) in the prescriptions and out of 270 prescriptions having antidiabetic drugs, 143 (52.96%) prescription were of combination therapy. Among antihypertensive drugs, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors were the most frequently prescribed class of drugs (19.18%). The combination most commonly prescribed was amlodipine and atenolol (14.05%). Antidiabetic drugs made up for 11.05% of the total drugs prescribed. 28.78% of all hypoglycemic agents were sulfonylurea. Glimepiride and metformincombination was the most prescribed anti-diabetic drugs combination (16.16%).Conclusion: Both hypertension and diabetes are considered to be lifestyle diseases. Hence, apart from optimal and appropriate prescribing, there is a need for lifestyle modification to obtain improved outcomes. Combination therapy was observed in a high percentage of prescriptions. Though monotherapy is associated with improved compliance and fewer side effects, combination therapy is desirable for synergistic actions and to overcome complications

Not Available

Not AvailableAn investigation was carried out to estimate genetic variability and interrelationship of characters in 225 sorghum germplasm under arid condition. Highly significant variations were recorded among 225 sorghum germplasm for all the traits studied. The phenotypic coefficients of variation (PCV) estimates were higher than the genotypic coefficients of variation (GCV) estimates for all the traits under investigation. The combined results for heritability showed that high estimates of heritability with high genetic advance and GCV were reported for panicle length, panicle width, fresh weight per plant and dry weight per plant indicating that these traits were under control of additive genetic effects. The fresh and dry weight per plant was strongly and positively associated with all the traits, except panicle width. The path coefficient analysis indicated positive and significant correlation as well as high, moderate or low direct effects of dry weight per plant, panicle length, stem diameter, days to flowering, leaf area, 1000 seed weight and grain yield per plant on fresh weight per plant. This indicates that effectiveness of selection for dual purpose sorghum as fodder cum grain crop could be enhanced by inclusion of leaf area, stem diameter, number of leaves per plant, panicle length and 1000 seed weight.Not Availabl

Not Available

Not AvailableNot AvailableNot Availabl

Stability Analyses of pearl Millet Genotypes (Pennisetum glaucum) and its Related Traits Using the Freeman and Perkins Model

In the present study, twenty-nine genotypes were carried out to determine the stability of morphological characters viz., dry fodder yield, Days to 50% flowering, and Days to maturity of pearl millet in eight different environments viz., ARS Mandor, Bikaner, RARI Jaipur, Jamnagar, Hisar, Gwalior, Ranchi and Jammu Kashmir using Freeman and Perkins model. Data was collected from ICAR- All India Coordinated Research Projects (AICRP) of pearl millet, Agricultural University, Mandor, Rajasthan, India for one year (2019). The combined analysis of variance showed significant differences among genotypes, environments and Genotype by Environment (G x E) interaction for all morphological characters under study. Mean, regression coefficient and deviation from regression were used as stability measures. Genotype G23 exhibited stability across all studied traits, while G10 and G29 demonstrated stability specifically for dry fodder yield and days to 50% flowering. Furthermore, genotype G22 displayed stability for dry fodder yield and days to maturity in all environments

Impacted foreign bodies in the maxillofacial region–A series of three cases

Penetrating injuries to the maxillofacial region are very common. Foreign bodies embedded deep in the maxillofacial region due to these injuries pose a challenge to an oral and maxillofacial surgeon. These objects may become a potent source of pain and infection. Early diagnosis of these foreign bodies can be achieved by the use of plain radiographs, ultrasonography, computed tomographic scans, and magnetic resonance imaging. Once diagnosed and located, these foreign bodies should be removed. Here, we report three such cases where early diagnosis of these foreign bodies embedded in the maxillofacial region lead to their early and successful removal without complications

Effect of denture cleansers on color stability, surface roughness, and hardness of different denture base resins

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of different denture cleansers on the color stability, surface hardness, and roughness of different denture base resins. Materials and Methods: Three denture base resin materials (conventional heat cure resin, high impact resin, and polyamide denture base resin) were immersed for 180 days in commercially available two denture cleansers (sodium perborate and sodium hypochlorite). Color, surface roughness, and hardness were measured for each sample before and after immersion procedure. Statistical Analysis: One-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc honestly significant difference test were used to evaluate color, surface roughness, and hardness data before and after immersion in denture cleanser (α =0.05). Results: All denture base resins tested exhibited a change in color, surface roughness, and hardness to some degree in both denture cleansers. Polyamides resin immersed in sodium perborate showed a maximum change in color after immersion for 180 days. Conventional heat cure resin immersed in sodium hypochlorite showed a maximum change in surface roughness and conventional heat cure immersed in sodium perborate showed a maximum change in hardness. Conclusion: Color changes of all denture base resins were within the clinically accepted range for color difference. Surface roughness change of conventional heat cure resin was not within the clinically accepted range of surface roughness. The choice of denture cleanser for different denture base resins should be based on the chemistry of resin and cleanser, denture cleanser concentration, and duration of immersion