Encouraging Offline Banking Customers to Adopt Online Banking: A Study on Customers of Dhaka City

While the use of technologies in banking services is on the rise worldwide, a substantial percentage of customers, specially in developing countries, still prefer the traditional forms of banking. This study aims to investigate the factors that inhibit customers of offline banking to switch towards online banking. In addition, it also identifies the factors that influence those customers positively towards online banking. Data were collected from 236 customers who conduct transactions traditionally in different banks in Dhaka city and who do not take any online services from any bank. The data collected from the survey were analyzed using the IBM SPSS package. Both descriptive and inferential statistical tools were used for analysis. Our study shows that customers of offline banking have lack of trust/confidence in online banking services and consider the services are associated with risk, which inhibits them to switch to online banking. On the other hand, customers of offline banking are found to perceive that online banking services are useful and facilitating conditions are favorable for taking online services. However, the customers are found to be in a confusing state about the ease of use of the services. Interestingly, about 71% of the traditional customers are found to switch to online banking mode if their concerns with the later system are addressed. Finally, based on these findings, implications for banking practitioners and policy makers are articulated. Keywords: Offline banking, switching, adoption, online banking, Dhaka DOI: 10.7176/EJBM/13-3-06 Publication date: January 31st 202

Dynamics of digital entrepreneurship and innovation : insights from an emerging market

In the recent years, the pervasive use of digital technologies has remarkably changed our society. Realizing its huge potential for transforming a society, many emerging markets worldwide have widely adopted digital technologies aiming at poverty reduction, rapid socio-economic development and sustainability through a better connected society. However, despite its large scale adoption, a major percentage of digital technology-based projects in these markets have failed completely or partially. Considering the unique characteristics of emerging markets, it is now well acknowledged that the canonical set of methods used for innovation in developed economies do not work in the emerging markets and need doing things differently. As these projects are often led by entrepreneurs who lack in local knowledge, the projects suffer in contextualization of innovation leading to failure. This doctoral thesis examines dynamics of digital innovation in emerging markets focusing on digital entrepreneurship, digital technology driven enterprise transformation and co-creation of IT value for the firms engaged in such digital ventures. This thesis adopts three paper format and is grounded in concepts and theories from wide range of related and intertwined academic literatures: those of digital innovation in emerging markets, digital innovation and entrepreneurship, liminality, enterprise transformation, path creation, co-creation of IT value and social-commercial alliance. As methodologies, I have adopted interpretive cases studies and conducted three case studies in an emerging market, Bangladesh to collect empirical data. One of the papers is based on single case while two others are drawn on two cases. The first paper investigates two digital innovation projects in emerging markets drawing on liminality to explore how contexts and entrepreneurial agency in emerging markets co-evolve through digital technologies. Drawing on a single case, the second paper examines the transformation of an organization that adopts ICT. And finally, the third paper explores the process of co-creation and emanation IT value in two social-commercial alliances that embeds IT as their key resources for innovation. Overall, the thesis has several contributions to the theories and for practice. Specifically, the key theoretical contributions of the thesis are: 1) illustrating that digital innovations in emerging markets offer liminal space for entrepreneurs, 2) conceptualizing digital entrepreneurship and innovation as a constitutive process, 3) developing a process framework for digital innovation and entrepreneurship in emerging markets, 4) offering three practices for digital innovation in emerging markets, 5) conceptualizing ICT-based enterprise transformation in emerging market as a process of path creation, 6) offering ‘mindful deviation’ as a key practice for enterprise transformation, 7) developing a theoretical model for co-creation of IT value in social-commercial alliances and 8) building theoretical propositions related to firms‘ motivations for co-creation through IT. Further to that, I discuss several practical implications of the findings and also offer few implications for future research

Effect of Technological Evolution on Usage Pattern: A Study on Mobile Internet Subscribers in Bangladesh

As in most countries of the world, mobile internet has been playing a key role in the growth of internet subscriber-base in Bangladesh. While the country is at the verge of introducing advanced wireless internet connectivity via 4G technologies, this longitudinal study attempts to explore the effect (if any) of such technological evolution on subscribers’ internet usage pattern. Data has been collected in two phases- first, just before the onset of 3G services (when 2G was fully dominant) and second, at the period when 4G launching was imminent (i.e., 3G is fully dominant), from the secondary sources of a leading internet service provider (as well as the top mobile operator) of the country and using a consumer survey of that mobile operator in both phases. A comparative analysis of the collected data shows that evolution of technology (2G to 3G) has impact on certain consumption criteria while few of the patterns remain same even after the advancement. We identified few key issues (e.g., preference of devices, activities and website inclination, internet usage time, preferred area of service improvement etc.) that the mobile operators in Bangladesh should consider and show how those have practical and managerial implications for the maximum utilization of the future technological evolution (i.e., 4G deployment). Keywords: mobile internet, usage pattern, subscribers, Banglades

ICT Driven Transformation of State-owned Enterprises in a Developing Country

Extant research has considered the appropriateness of contemporary Enterprise Architecture Management (EAM) to support management of Enterprise Transformation (ET) and recommend context specific EAM approaches. In line with that, drawing on path creation as a theoretical lens, we propose a conceptualization of ICT driven transformation in state-owned enterprises in a developing country as an emerging path creation process. As multifarious challenges are inherent in ICT driven innovations in developing countries, we argue that entrepreneurs – initiators of, or participants in, change –take advantage of these challenges and start to identify options to transform established practices through reflection and experimentation. Hence, ET, in the given context, is not a pre-planned, coordinated approach; rather transformation emerges by “mindful deviation” of the entrepreneurs which can take different paths. We explore these ideas in an ICT driven initiative in Bangladesh for a state-owned enterprise. We discuss theoretical implications in understanding the entrepreneurial process through which ICT driven innovation in developing countries can be successfully transformed creating new paths

Higher education in private universities of Bangladesh: A study on female students' enrollment behavior

This paper investigates the enrollment behavior of the female students of private universities in Bangladesh. By collecting data from a sample of 900 female students of twelve private universities classified into two strata, researchers conducted reliability test, descriptive analysis, chi-square and ANOVA tests and identified a number of key findings as to the enrollment behavior of female students. The research shows that the female students mostly prefer BBA program followed by BA in English. In the faculty of Science and Engineering, BS in Pharmacy gets the highest preference. In Post Graduate level MBA and M.A in English are the preferred subjects. The most important factor for the female students of one strata (top ranked private universities) during admission is the quality of teaching of the university, followed by the image of that university. On the contrary, the female students of other private universities look for lower tuition fees of their preferred program. For the both strata parents' decision has a significant influence. Finally, the female students of top ranked universities are highly satisfied with the image of their universities while the female students of other universities are dissatisfied with the overall performance of their universities