Corporate Social Responsibility Impact on Financial Performance of Islamic and Conventional Banks: Evidence from Asian Countries

Purpose – The basic aim of study is to examine the effect of corporate social responsibility on financial performance in Islamic and conventional banks of various Asian countries. Design/methodology/approach- The secondary data is collected from respective banks annual reports. This study is quantitative in nature. The data analysis purpose correlation and regression techniques are used. Findings- According to regression and Robust analysis the research findings show that overall positive and significant relationship between corporate social Responsibility and financial performance. And, in this study we examine that banks not only pay for the CSR also their customers take a role in the bank’s practices. So, the findings of this study support the relationship between CSR and financial performance as both hearted each other. Research restraints- The bigger limitations of this study is that the size of sample may not adequately represent all Asian countries except Pakistan and Bangladesh and also less year’s data of banks from period 2010-2015. Further research can be conduct by taking other countries, more years’ data of other banks in the future. Originality/value- The study indicates that financial ability in respect of corporate social responsibility outlay have certain and meaningful influence in bank’s financial performance. Keywords: Islamic and Conventional Banks, Return on asset, Return on equity, Banks financial performance, Corporate social responsibility. Research type: Research pape

Event-by-Event Fluctuations Clusterization and Entropy Production in AA Collisions at AGS and SPS Energies

Event-by-event (ebe) fluctuations in mean pseudorapidity values of relativistic charged particles in full phase space is studied by analysing experimental data on $^{16}O-AgBr$ collisions at 14.5A, 60A, and 200A GeV/c and $^{32}S-AgBr$ collisions at 200A GeV/c. The findings are compared with the prediction of A Multi-Phase Transport(\amm) model and those obtained from the analysis of correlation free Monte-Carlo events. Fluctuations in mean pseudorapidity distributions are noticed to be in excess to that expected from the statistically independent particle emission. The observed dependence of the fluctuation strength measure parameter,$\phi$ on the beam energy and number of participating target nucleons indicate that nucleus-nucleus collisions can not be treated as simple superposition of multiple nucleon-nucleon interactions. Presence of clusters or jet-like phenomena in multihadron final states are searched for on ebe basis by using the concept of Jaynes Shannon entropy. The findings indicate the presence of cluster like objects in the experimental data with their size and frequency increasing with increasing beam energy. These observations, in turn suggest that the clustering or jet-like algorithm adopted in the present study may be used as a tool for triggering different classes of events.Comment: International Journal of Modern Physics E, to be published(accepted

Trade Liberalisation and Labour Demand Elasticities: Empirical Evidence for Pakistan

Trade has predominantly contributed in the development of world economies for more than mere agricultural development and industrialisation. Trade involves many regions across the globe. The more the regions involved, the more will be the benefits. Trade is an interaction between economies for the exchange of goods, services, skills, knowledge and expertise, which is required for bringing in the desired changes like increase in the availability of choices, reduction of extreme poverty, and enhancement of physical and mental capability. As the wave of market oriented moves has spread over the economic sphere, global trend has also been witnessed in the liberalisation of capital account, foreign exchange, credit, domestic consumption and trading sector of many countries. The concept, which has been predominantly emphasised by the economies, is that of “trade liberalisation”, which has become the key element of any development policy since late 1970s after the fundamental change in the economic policy at global level. The concept of trade liberalisation stems from Neo-liberalism thinking that has advocated market oriented economic reforms for social order and economic prosperity that aims to improve efficiency and stability in the economy. Trade liberalisation process can be defined in many different ways. In the words of Krueger (1978), “any policy, which reduces the anti export bias will lead towards liberalisation of trade and reduction in import license premium is the fundamental step towards liberalised trade regime”

Hepatoprotective and Anti-Hepatitis effect of non pharmacopoeial compound formulation on CCl₄-induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats

47-51To evaluate the anti-hepatitis activity of non-pharmacopoeial compound formulation on CCl4 induces hepatotoxicity in albino rats.CCl4 is used to produce hepatic damage in albino rats in the dose of 2 mL/kg BW, i.p. for 6 days. The anti-hepatitis effect of low dose (70 mg/100 g), high dose (140 mg/100 g) and 50% ethanolic extract (15 mg/100 g) of non-pharmacopoeial compound formulation (Majoon) was assessed in CCl4 (2 mL/kg BW i.p.) induce hepatic damage in albino rats. The biochemical parameters such as SGOT (AST), SGPT (ALT), ALP, total bilirubin and total protein were estimated and the antioxidant activity was also estimated. These biochemical observations were supplemented by histopathological study of liver sections. Silymarin (10 mg/100 g B.W.p.o.) was used as a standard hepatoprotective drug for positive control. Data was analysed by one way ANOVA test. Administration of non-pharmacopoeial compound formulation and its extract significantly prevented CCl4 induced elevation of serum ALT, AST, ALP, total billirubin and total protein level. The histopathological study revealed hepatocytes regeneration. The test drug also decreases lipid peroxidaion. So, the test drug was found effective as anti-hepatitis and antioxidant effect. The result was comparable to that of Silymarin. The results of present study show that the compound formulation has significant anti-hepatitis activity

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for rib chondrosarcoma: unique surgical technique

Chondrosarcoma's of the rib are a rare presentations and hence there's a lot to be explored for the best method of surgical intervention. This case highlights how we used VATS for excision of a rib chondrosarcoma and reconstructed the defect using prolene mesh and PMMC flap.

Contributions of Jets in Net Charge Fluctuations from the Beam Energy Scan at RHIC and LHC

Dynamical net charge fluctuations have been studied in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions from the beam energy scan at RHIC and LHC energies by carrying out the hadronic model simulation. Monte Carlo model, HIJING is used to generate events in two different modes, HIJING-default with jet quenching switched off and jet/minijet production switched off. A popular variable, $\nu_{[+-,dyn]}$ is used to study the net charge fluctuations in different centrality bins and the findings are compared with the available experimental values reported earlier. Although the broad features of net charge fluctuations are reproduced by the HIJING, yet the model predicts the larger magnitude of fluctuations as compared to the one observed in experiments. The role of jets/minijets production in reducing the net charge fluctuations is, however distinctly visible from the analysis of the two types of HIJING events. Furthermore, $dN_{ch}/d\eta$ and $1/N$ scaling is partially exhibited which is due to the fact that in HIJING, nucleus-nucleus collisions are treated as multiple independent nucleon-nucleon collisions.Comment: 27 pages, 11 figures, 5 tables Accepted for publication in Journal Advances in High Energy Physic

Case of xanthogranulomatous oophoritis

Xanthogranulomatous inflammation is characterized by destruction of the tissues of the organ involved and replacement by chronic inflammatory cells such as lymphocytes, plasma cells, occasional neutrophils with or without multinucleated or Touton giant cells. Exact aetiology is not known but the theory of infection with organisms like Proteus, E coli, and Bacteroides fragilis is most popular. Xanthogranulomatous inflammation of the female genital tract is not common and usually involves the endometrium; however, xanthogranulomatous inflammation of the ovaries is a rare entity

Operational risk assessment for shipping in Arctic waters

Arctic navigation has many complexities due to its particular features such as ice, severe weather conditions, remoteness, low temperatures, lack of crew experience, and extended period of darkness or daylight. For these reasons, vessels, such as oil tankers, dry cargo ships, offshore supply vessels, research vessels, and passenger ships operating in the Arctic waters may pose a high risk of collision with ice and other ships causing human casualties, environmental pollution and the loss of assets. This thesis presents a conceptual framework that is focused on collision modelling. In order to understand the process of risk escalation and to attempt a proactive approach in constituting the collision models for Arctic navigation, the present thesis identifies various risk factors that are involved in a collision. Furthermore, the thesis proposes the probabilistic framework tools that are based on the identified risk factors to estimate the risks of collision in the Arctic. The proposed frameworks are used to model the collision based risk scenarios in the region. They are developed with the use of Bayesian Networks, the Nagel-Schreckenberg (NaSch), and Human Factor Analysis and Classification (HFACS) models. In the present thesis, the proposed models are theoretical in nature, but they can be useful in developing a collision monitoring system that provides a real time-estimate of collision probability that could help avoid collisions in the Arctic. Further, the estimated probabilities are also useful in decision making concerning safe independent and convoy operations in the region. The proposed frameworks simplifies maritime accident modeling by developing a practical understanding of the role of physical environment, navigational and operational related aspects of ships, and human errors, such as individual lapses, management failures, organizational failures, and economic factors in the collision related accidents in the Arctic. This research also identifies the macroscopic properties of maritime traffic flow and demonstrates how these properties influence collision properties. The thesis also presents an innovative accident model for ice-covered waters that estimates the collision probability and establishes the relationship between the macroscopic properties of the traffic flow with the contributory accidental risk factors in the region. The main focus of the present thesis is, to better understand, communicate, and incorporate specific risk factors into the maritime risk assessment processes, involve shipping organizations to agree on best practice methodologies and make the data sources easily available, and modify the Arctic risk management processes by implementing effective risk assessment techniques and appropriate risk treatment

A randomized, double blind, placebo controlled, split patch study to evaluate the effects of platelet rich plasma on alopecia areata

Background: Alopecia Areata is a T-cell–mediated autoimmune, often reversible disease in which the gradual loss of protection provided by immune privilege of the normal hair follicle plays an important role. It manifests as smooth, slightly erythematous (peach color) or normal-colored alopecic patches with short broken hair at the margins. It involves scalp most commonly, although other regions of body may be affected. Platelet rich plasma is an autologous concentration of platelets with a greater count in a small volume of plasma. Study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of PRP therapy in Alopecia Areata.Methods: In this randomised, placebo controlled, split patch study, 30 patients of AA were recruited and injected with 1-1.5ml of autologous PRP made by double spin method into half the bald patch area and other half with placebo using insulin syringe once a month for 3 months. Outcome was assessed at the end of study by clinical photographs as regrowth of hair, dermoscopy findings as reduction in black dots, yellow dots and exclamation hair and Physician and patient self-assessment score.Results: Administration of autologous PRP has led to observable improvement in 20% case of PRP and only 3.3% of control cases. Decrease in number of dystrophic hair and hair regrowth with PRP was seen in 20% cases and in 17% patches.Conclusions: PRP in our setting was found to be minimally effective, but more efficacious than no treatment, and safe for AA patients