ВЛИЯНИЕ ИНОКУЛЯЦИИ СЕМЯН РИЗОАГРИНОМ НА МИКРОФЛОРУ РИЗОСФЕРЫ И УРОЖАЙНОСТЬ ОЗИМОЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ В ЛЕСОСТЕПИ ЗАПАДНОЙ СИБИРИ

The researchers conduct the field stationary experiment with the use of mineral fertilizers and straw in the grain and steam crop rotation with the withdrawal field of alfalfa and study the number of microflora in the rhizosphere of winter wheat of the new variety Priirtyshskaya after treatment of seeds with biospecimen of complex effect - risoagrine. The highest number of useful crop groups of microorganisms was observed in the variant with inoculation of crop seeds by risoagrine on the basis of applying mineral fertilizers, as well as in combination of inoculation techniques, application of mineral fertilizers and straw (N15P23 + straw + inoculation), respectively, 444 and 355 million UU/yr with 217 million UU/yr in the control group. In the variant with inoculation of winter wheat seeds by mineral fertilizers (N15P23 + inoculation), the number ofoligonitrophils and bacteria, mineralizing mineral phosphates, increased by 2.2 times, nitrifiers - by 60%, microorganisms that utilize organic nitrogen compounds on MPA - by 39, consuming mineral nitrogen on CAA - by 73% compared to the control group. The celluloseolytic soil activity under winter wheat sowing in variants N15P23 + inoculation and N15P23 + straw + inoculation increased to 66.5-67.0%, exceeded the control group by 1.7 times. The highest increase in the crop’s grains was observed in the combination of mineral, organic (straw) and bacterial (rizoagrine) fertilizers - 40.3% in comparison with the control group. Additional nitrogen removal by winter wheat crop due to the activity of associative diazotrophs varied from 6 to 16.5 kg/ha. Correlative relations of high (r=0.84-0.91) and average (r=0.62-0.72) degree of microorganisms in the rhizosphere were observed among the indicators of crop yield and number of microorganisms. The closest correlation took place between the value of winter wheat grain yield and the number of bacteria growing on MPA, including ammonifiers, and the yield and number of nitrifying bacteria.В полевом стационарном опыте с применением минеральных удобрений и соломы в зернопаровом севообороте с выводным полем люцерны исследована численность микрофлоры в ризосфере озимой пшеницы нового сорта Прииртышская после обработки семян биопрепаратом комплексного действия – ризоагрином. Наиболее высокая общая численность агрономически полезных групп микроорганизмов установлена в варианте с инокуляцией семян культуры ризоагрином на фоне минеральных удобрений, а также при сочетании приемов инокуляции, внесения минеральных удобрений и соломы (N15P23 + солома + инокуляция), соответственно 444 и 355 млн КОЕ/г при 217 млн КОЕ/г в контроле. В варианте с инокуляцией семян озимой пшеницы на фоне минеральных удобрений (N15P23 + инокуляция) количество олигонитрофилов и бактерий, минерализующих минеральные фосфаты, увеличилось в 2,2 раза, нитрификаторов – на 60%, микроорганизмов, утилизирующих органические соединения азота на МПА, – на 39, потребляющих минеральный азот на КАА – на 73% в сравнении с контролем. Целлюлозолитическая активность почвы под посевом озимой пшеницы в вариантах N15P23 + инокуляция и N15P23 + солома + инокуляция возросла до 66,5–67,0%, превысив контроль в 1,7 раза. Наибольшая прибавка зерна культуры была получена при сочетании минеральных, органического (соломы) и бактериального (ризоагрин) удобрений – 40,3% к контролю. Дополнительный вынос азота урожаем озимой пшеницы за счет деятельности ассоциативных диазотрофов составил от 6 до 16,5 кг/га. Между показателями урожайности культуры и численностью микроорганизмов в ризосфере установлены коррелятивные зависимости сильной (r=0,84–0,91) и средней (r=0,62–0,72) степени. Наиболее тесная связь имела место между величиной урожайности зерна озимой пшеницы и количеством бактерий, растущих на МПА, в т.ч. аммонификаторов, а также урожайностью и численностью нитрифицирующих бактерий

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A sol-gel synthesis and gas-sensing properties of finely dispersed ZrTiO4

The transparent titanium-zirconium-containing gel was obtained using heteroligand coordination compounds (namely, alkoxoacetylacetonates) as the precursors. The high-dispersive system “ZrTiO4 – carbon” formed after drying of such gel and carbonization of the obtained xerogel, was used to study the evolution of microstructure for the product (ZrTiO4) during thermal treatment in air for 1 h in the temperature range from 500 °C to 1000°С. It was stated that the formation of crystalline phase occurred in the narrow range 690-730°С. The thermal treatment at 500 °C and 600°С allowed obtaining micro- and mesoporous X-ray amorphous products of the composition ZrTiO4, with the specific surface area falling in the range 82–150 m2/g. At the higher temperatures the single-phase nanocrystalline powder was prepared (the specific surface area amounted to 2.5–15 m2/g). Particle coarsening took place more extensively at temperatures ≥700°С was shown. For the ZrTiO4 nanopowder crystallized under the mildest conditions at the temperature of 700 °C, chemoresistive gas-sensitive properties were studied for the first time. The material showed a high reproducible response at 1–20% O2 and 200–10,000 ppm H2 at a relatively low detection operating temperature of 450 °C. © 2019 Elsevier B.V

Synthesis of Iron Oxide Magnetic Nanoparticles and Their Effect on Growth, Productivity, and Quality of Tomato

The influence of the structure, phase composition, textural and colloidal properties of magnetic iron oxides nanoparticles in the form of aqueous suspensions with a concentration of 0.001 and 0.01 mg/L on the growth, productivity of tomatoes and quality of its fruits after their foliar processing was shown. It was found that the maximum positive effect was observed during foliar treatment of tomato plants with aqueous suspensions of iron oxide samples with specific surface area (~52 and ~75 m2/g), two-level hierarchical structure, hydrodynamic diameters (~150 and ~180 nm) in stable aqueous suspensions (the absolute value of the ζ-potential is ≈ 30 mV)

A sol-gel synthesis and gas-sensing properties of finely dispersed ZrTiO4

The transparent titanium-zirconium-containing gel was obtained using heteroligand coordination compounds (namely, alkoxoacetylacetonates) as the precursors. The high-dispersive system “ZrTiO4 – carbon”, formed after drying of such gel and carbonization of the obtained xerogel, was used to study the evolution of microstructure for the product (ZrTiO4) during thermal treatment in air for 1 h in the temperature range from 500 °C to 1000°С. It was stated that the formation of crystalline phase occurred in the narrow range 690-730°С. The thermal treatment at 500 °C and 600°С allowed obtaining micro- and mesoporous X-ray amorphous products of the composition ZrTiO4, with the specific surface area falling in the range 82–150m2/g. At the higher temperatures the single-phase nanocrystalline powder was prepared (the specific surface area amounted to 2.5–15m2/g). Particle coarsening took place more extensively at temperatures ≥700°С was shown. For the ZrTiO4 nanopowder crystallized under the mildest conditions at the temperature of 700 °C, chemoresistive gas-sensitive properties were studied for the first time. The material showed a high reproducible response at 1–20% O2 and 200–10,000 ppm H2 at a relatively low detection operating temperature of 450 °C