Fabrication of smart glass electrochromic device using rf magnetron sputtering

Electrochromic device is an important functional device to control the amount of light through a glass. It usually used in sunlight control window glazing for buildings and automobile. The important feature of electrochromic glass is the ability to response toward the apply voltage in shortest time, and endurance to maintain in color shape after apply voltage. In this thesis, the oxygen gas percentage is optimized during the fabrication of tungsten trioxide (WO3) as an electrochromic glass for window glazing application by using RF magnetron sputtering. The oxygen flow rate for the deposition is varied from 10sccm -22sccm which is 25%, 27%, 30%, and 35% of oxygen flow. The structures of WO3 were investigated using X-Ray diffraction, Field effect scanning electron microscopy (Fe-Sem) and Atomic force microscopy (AFM). The electrochromic properties were characterized by a cyclic voltammogram and UV-Vis absorption spectra. The results show that nanocrystalline film with particle size of 51.54nm was deposited at 27% oxygen flow rate has the largest charge capacity and coloration efficiency among the others. The time respond taken for complete coloration at 4V is 2second. This result is a starting point for future work such as optimizing the film thickness or doping by other metals

Utilizing Eco-Zno from green synthesis of Musa Acuminata peels and graphene oxide for removal of Cephalexin (CFX) antibiotic in water

Cephalexin (CFX) antibiotic concentration has been used as a marker for identifying emerging pollutants (EPs) in the non-medical setting due to its significant ability to cause antimicrobial resistance with the highest risk quotient. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of Eco-Zinc Oxide-Graphene Oxide (Eco-ZnO/GO) nanocomposite (NC) from green synthesis of Musa Acuminata by using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) coupled with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX). The focus of the study is to optimize the efficiency of Eco-ZnO/GO NC from green synthesis of M. Acuminata for removal of CFX by using adsorption. The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) will be used as well to analyzed the adsorbent dosage, irradiation time, and pH value to obtain the optimum condition of the efficiency of Eco-ZnO/GO for the removal of CFX. The average particle sizes for Eco-ZnO and GO were determined to be 10 nm and 300 nm, respectively, by using FESEM. It is deduced that the optimization factors of adsorbent dosage to 100 mg/L, irradiation time to 120 min, and intial concentration of CFX to 100 mg/L could achieve the mean removal of CFX by 22.17 %. The study contributed to the new knowledge of using nanocomposite materials to remove CFX in the water. However, more thorough studies are needed to obtain higher removal capacit

Utilizing Eco-Zno from green synthesis of Musa Acuminata peels and graphene oxide for removal of Cephalexin (CFX) antibiotic in water

Cephalexin (CFX) antibiotic concentration has been used as a marker for identifying emerging pollutants (EPs) in the non-medical setting due to its significant ability to cause antimicrobial resistance with the highest risk quotient. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of Eco-Zinc Oxide-Graphene Oxide (Eco-ZnO/GO) nanocomposite (NC) from green synthesis of Musa Acuminata by using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) coupled with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX). The focus of the study is to optimize the efficiency of Eco-ZnO/GO NC from green synthesis of M. Acuminata for removal of CFX by using adsorption. The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) will be used as well to analyzed the adsorbent dosage, irradiation time, and pH value to obtain the optimum condition of the efficiency of Eco-ZnO/GO for the removal of CFX. The average particle sizes for Eco-ZnO and GO were determined to be 10 nm and 300 nm, respectively, by using FESEM. It is deduced that the optimization factors of adsorbent dosage to 100 mg/L, irradiation time to 120 min, and intial concentration of CFX to 100 mg/L could achieve the mean removal of CFX by 22.17 %. The study contributed to the new knowledge of using nanocomposite materials to remove CFX in the water. However, more thorough studies are needed to obtain higher removal capacit

Adsorption of phosphate from aqueous solution onto iron-coated waste mussel shell: physicochemical characteristics, kinetic, and isotherm studies

High amounts of phosphate (PO43–) discharged in receiving water can lead to eutrophication, which endangers life below water and human health. This study elucidates the removal of PO43– from synthetic solution by iron-coated waste mussel shell (ICWMS). The PO4 3– adsorption by ICWMS was determined at different process parameters, such as initial PO43– concentration (7 mg L−1), solution volume (0.2 L), adsorbent dosage (4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 g), and contact time. The highest efficiency of PO43− removal can reach 96.9% with an adsorption capacity of 0.30 mg g−1 could be obtained after a contact time of 48 h for the use of 20 g of ICWMS. Batch experimental data can be well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 = 0.999) and Freundlich isotherm model (R2 = 0.996), suggesting that chemisorption and multilayer adsorption occurred. The efficiency of PO43– removal from aqueous solution by ICWMS was verified to contribute to applying a new low-cost adsorbent obtained from waste mussel shell in the field of wastewater treatment

Evaluation of environmental performance in academic building by indoor environmental quality (IEQ)

Most people spend about 90% of their lives indoors, and students spend about 30% of their time in school. Indoor environmental quality (IEQ) is becoming a key aspect considering building envelopes and the health of building occupants. Buildings have to provide a healthy and comfortable environment for humans. However, each building provides different environmental quality results for indoor spaces and occupants. Therefore, the study of indoor environment quality in three different buildings has been carried out in academic building as it acts as important place in performing general activities. The methodologies used to conduct this research are qualitative and quantitative methods. This is to measure the IEQ levels in multipurpose hall, cafeteria and lecture room. This research focuses on the comparison of IEQ in different locations with the national or international standard. Measurement of carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration, carbon monoxide (CO) con-centration, air temperature (°C), mean radiant temperature (°C), air velocity (m/s), relative humidity (%), lighting (lux), and sound quality (dB) in the three locations were collected. This research found that most of the elements in the three locations were compliance with the standard threshold limit value. However, the indoor air temperature in the multipurpose hall and cafeteria were slightly high with an average air temperature of more than 26 (°C) as set in the standard Threshold Limit Value (TLV). High level of noise in the lecture room also exceeds the guideline. Therefore, some suggestions had made such as improvement of ventilation system in multipurpose hall and maintenance of air-conditioning system in lecture room. The relationship between the IEQ levels and the types of activities carried out in the buildings is also established