Diaqua­(2,2′-bipyridine-5,5′-dicarboxyl­ato-κ2 N,N′)(ethyl­enediamine-κ2 N,N′)copper(II) 2.5-hydrate

In the mol­ecule of the title compound, [Cu(C12H6N2O4)(C2H8N2)(H2O)2]·2.5H2O, the CuII atom is six-coordinated in a distorted octa­hedral configuration by two N atoms from a 2,2′-bipyridine-5,5′-dicarboxyl­ate anion, two N atoms from ethyl­enediamine and two O atoms from two water mol­ecules. There are also two and a half water mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit. The planar five-membered ring is nearly coplanar with the adjacent pyridine rings, while the other five-membered ring adopts a twisted conformation, probably due to hydrogen bonding. In the crystal structure, intra- and inter­molecular N—H⋯O and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules

Low Level Laser Therapy Versus Pharmacotherapy in Improving Myofascial Pain Disorder Syndrome

Introduction: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) lead to masticatory muscle pain, jaw movement disability and limitation in mouth opening. Pain is the chief complaint in 90% of the TMD patients which leads to disability and severe socioeconomic costs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effects of low level laser therapy (LLLT) compared to pharmacotherapy with NSAIDs (naproxen) in myofascial pain disorder syndrome (MPDS).Methods: In this randomized controlled clinical trial, 40 MPDS patients were divided into two groups. One group received naproxen 500 mg bid for 3 weeks as treatment modality and also had placebo laser sessions. The other group received active laser (diode 810 nm CW) as treatment and placebo drug. Pain intensity was measured by visual analogue scale (VAS) and maximum painless mouth opening was also measured as a functional index every session and at 2 months follow up. Data was collected and analyzed with SPSS software. Independent t test was used to analyze the data. A P < 0.05 was considered significant.Results: Low level laser caused significant reduction in pain intensity (P < 0.05) and a significant increase in mouth opening. In naproxen group neither pain intensity nor maximum mouth opening had significant improvement. Pain relief, in subjective VAS was observed in third session in LLLT group, but did not occur in naproxen group. Maximum mouth opening increased significantly in laser group compared to the naproxen group from the eighth session.Conclusion: Treatment with LLLT caused a significant improvement in mouth opening and pain intensity in patients with MPDS. Similar improvement was not observed in naproxen group

(5,5′-Dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine-κ2 N,N′)diiodidomercury(II)

In the mol­ecule of the title compound, [HgI2(C12H12N2)], the HgII atom is four-coordinated in a distorted tetra­hedral configuration by two N atoms from 5,5′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine and two I atoms. There is a π–π contact between pyridine rings of adjacent molecules [centroid–centroid distance = 3.723 (5) Å]

Trichlorido(4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine-κ2 N,N′)(dimethyl sulfoxide-κO)indium(III)

In the mol­ecule of the title compound, [InCl3(C12H12N2)(C2H6OS)], the InIII atom is six-coordinated in a distorted octa­hedral configuration by two N atoms from the chelating 4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine ligand, one O atom from dimethyl sulfoxide and three Cl atoms. In the crystal structure, inter­molecular C—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules into centrosymmetric dimers

(4,7-Diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline-κ2 N,N′)diiodidomercury(II)

In the mol­ecule of the title compound, [HgI2(C24H16N2)], the HgII atom is four-coordinated in a distorted tetra­hedral configuration by two N atoms from the bidentate 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline and two iodide ligands. There is a π–π contact between the pyridine and phenyl rings [centroid-to-centroid distance = 4.2387 (4) Å]

Dichlorido(5,5′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine-κ2N,N′)zinc(II)

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, [ZnCl2(C12H12N2)], contains two independent molecules. The ZnII atoms are four-coordinated in distorted tetrahedral configurations by two N atoms from 5,5′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine and two terminal Cl atoms. In the crystal structure, intermolecular C—H...Cl hydrogen bonds link the molecules. There are C—H...π contacts between the methyl groups and the pyridine and five-membered rings containing ZnII atoms; π–π contacts also exist between the pyridine rings [centroid–centroid distances = 3.665 (5) and 3.674 (5) Å]

Epulis fissuratum in the soft palate: Report of a case in a very rare location

Introduction: Epulis fissuratum is a tumor-like hyperplasia developing in association with an ill-fitting denture. Case Report: We report a 73-year-old female with epulis fissuratum in the soft palate as a very rare clinical location. She presented with the chief complaint of an abnormal growth along the posterior border of her ill-fitting upper complete denture as well as pain and discomfort during mastication. Intraoral examination revealed a polypoid fibrous mass, soft in consistency and smooth in texture. On history and clinical examination, a provisional diagnosis of denture-induced hyperplasia was made. The patient was prescribed topical anti-fungal medications for 10 days. Then, the lesion was excised surgically. Discussion: Histopathological examination revealed hyperplastic epithelium as well as a fibrous connective tissue with moderate inflammation which confirmed the clinical diagnosis. Although rare, epulis fissuratum can happen along the posterior portion of the upper denture and should be considered in intraoral examination

Evaluating the Efficacy of the Er,Cr:YSGG Fractional Laser Before Treatment With Triamcinolone NN Ointment in Oral Lichen Planus Lesions: Lichen Planus and Laser Assisted Drug Delivery System

Introduction: It has been demonstrated that laser technology can enhance topical drug absorption. This study aimed to determine the effects of Er, Cr: YSGG laser radiation before the application of topical corticosteroids in the healing of oral lichen planus.Methods: In this double-blind split-mouth clinical trial, 32 lesions were chosen from eight patients affected by oral lichen planus (OLP). The oral lesions were randomly categorized into two groups. The first group had topical treatment with triamcinolone NN ointment and the second group had laser radiation (Er,Cr:YSGG) for eight weeks before starting the ointment. For each lesion, the irritating level based on the VAS score, the lesion level based on the Thongprasom scale score, and the healing time were measured, and the collected data were analyzed by the Friedman test and the Wilcoxon’s statistical test.Results: The mean healing time based on the verbal analog scale (VAS) score was not significantly different between the two treatment groups (P>0.05). The mean healing time based on Thongprasom scale scores did not show any significant difference between the two treatment groups (P>0.05).Conclusion: The application of the Er,Cr:YSGG laser before treatment with triamcinolone NN ointment did not show any advantage for the average healing time compared to a medicine regimen with only triamcinolone NN ointment. Doi:10.34172/jlms.2022.23

Screening for Hepatitis B Knowledge Among Dental Patients: How Much Do they Know?

Aim: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is still a global public health problem. Over 2 billion people have serological evidence of past or current HBV infection. Of these cases, 350-400 million, 5-7% of the world population, suffer from chronic infection. We sought to assess knowledge levels of dental patients about the nature of HBV infection, sources of infection, mode of transmission and vaccination.Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study a questionnaire was prepared and given randomly to 300 dental patients. All the participants were personally interviewed and anonymity was assured.Results: Among these subjects, 67.7% had heard of HBV; 61% did not know that chronic HBV infection is usually asymptomatic; 80.3% of cases did not know that hepatitis B infection is preventable. Only 10% of patients knew that HBV can be transmitted by saliva; 52% of subjects did not have any information about hepatitis B vaccine in preventing liver disease and only 13.3% of patients had been vaccinated. More than half the patients (58.2%) believed that HBV could be transmitted by dentists and dental staffs in the dental clinics during surgeries.Conclusion: This study indicated low levels of knowledge about the nature of HBV infection, sources of infection, mode of transmission and vaccination. Thus, more work should be done with regard to educating patients