Predicting the Passability of Wheeled Tractors

Assessment of the tractor's passability plays an essential role in determining its capability to move under certain conditions. However, the operation of forest machinery may lead to soil deformation and degradation of its mechanical properties. Consequently, this study aims to develop a mathematical model for the tractor's crosscountry capability assessment and its impact on the soil. A predictive model was created as part of the study, which depends on the soil and the forwarder parameters. Some high-correlation dependencies of deformation modulus and cone index, specific tractive force, internal friction angle, and shear modulus on these parameters were established. The developed model can be used to analyze changes in rut depth and soil compaction factors after multiple tractor passages. Soil moisture content and temperature can influence the deformation rate, as drier and warmer soils tend to deform much faster. Furthermore, the proposed model can analyze the impact of forestry and agricultural machinery on soils. © 2022, Mathematical Modelling of Engineering Problems. All Rights Reserved

On the international legal recognition of states

He article refers to the legal content of the act of recognition of States under international law. It deals with the act of recognition as an act generating legal consequences for the state-author, as well as offers an analysis of the practice of States and international legal literature on the subject

Complete Genome Sequences of Seven EA Cluster Microbacteriophages, Bustleton, MillyPhilly, Riyhil, Phriends, Pherbot, PrincePhergus, and TinSulphur

Seven EA cluster microbacteriophages were isolated from soil collected around Philadelphia, PA, using the bacterial host Microbacterium foliorum All of these phages have a highly conserved genome with regions of diversity localized to the 3' end. In phage Phriends (EA1 cluster), this region contains an orpham gene with no known function.</p

Genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Russia reveals recurring cross-border transmission throughout 2020.

In 2020, SARS-CoV-2 has spread rapidly across the globe, with most nations failing to prevent or substantially delay its introduction. While many countries have imposed some limitations on trans-border passenger traffic, the effect of these measures on the global spread of COVID-19 strains remains unclear. Here, we report an analysis of 3206 whole-genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 samples from 78 regions of Russia covering the period before the spread of variants of concern (between March and November 2020). We describe recurring imports of multiple COVID-19 strains into Russia throughout this period, giving rise to 457 uniquely Russian transmission lineages, as well as repeated cross-border transmissions of local circulating variants out of Russia. While the phylogenetically inferred rate of cross-border transmissions was somewhat reduced during the period of the most stringent border closure, it still remained high, with multiple inferred imports that each led to detectable spread within the country. These results indicate that partial border closure has had little effect on trans-border transmission of variants, which helps explain the rapid global spread of newly arising SARS-CoV-2 variants throughout the pandemic