The effects of different doses of atorvastatin on angiogenesis of chorioallantoic membrane of chick embryo

زمینه و هدف: استاتین‌ها ترکیباتی هستند که در تکثیر، مهاجرت، تمایز سلول های اندوتلیال و اشتقاق آنژیوبلاست ها از مغز استخوان نقش مهمی دارند. آنژیوژنز یا تشکیل رگهای خونی جدید، پدیده ای فعال و پیچیده است که برای تکوین جنین و سایر وقایع فیزیولوژیکی مورد نیاز است. در شرایط پاتولوژیک نظیر رشد تومورها نیز پیشرفت بیماری با رگ زایی ارتباط دارد. در پژوهش حاضر شناسایی تاثیر غلظت‌های مختلف 1/0 و m10 آتورواستاتین بر رگ‌زایی پرده کوریو آلانتوئیک جوجه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. روش بررسی: در این پژوهش تجربی تعداد 42 عدد تخم مرغ نطفه دار نژاد Rossبه طور تصادفی در سه گروه مساوی (شاهد، گروه تجربی 1 و گروه تجربی 2) قرار گرفتند. در روز دوم انکوباسیون، روی تخم‌مرغ‌هـــا پنجره باز شد و در روز هشتم یک اسفنج ژلاتینی روی پرده کوریرآلانتوئیک قرار گرفت. گروه های تجربی با 10 مایکرولیتر محلول آتورواستاتین 1/0 و m10 تیمار گردیدند. در روز دوازدهم انکوباسیون با کمک فوتواسترئو میکروسکوپ تحقیقاتی عکس تهیه گردید و تعداد و طول انشعابات عروقی در اطراف اسفنج ژلاتینی در تمام نمونه‌ها اندازه‌گیری گردید. نتابج به کمک آزمون آماری ANOVA و توکی تجزیه و تحلیل گردید. یافته‌ها: میانگین تعداد و طول انشعابات عروقی در نمونه تیمار با آتورواستاتین m1/0 در مقایسه با شاهد افزایش معنی‌دار نشان داد (05/0

The synergic effects of Saffron aqua extract and low frequency electromagnetic field on angiogenesis in chick chorioalantoic membrane

زمینه و هدف: مطالعات in vivo وin vitro بر اثرات ضد سرطانی زعفران تاکید دارند. آنژیوژنز برای تکوین جنین و بسیاری از وقایع فیزیولوژیکی و پاتولوژیک نظیر رشد تومورها، ضروری است. همچنین بسیاری از فرایندهای رشد و نمو تحت تاثیر میدان‌های الکترومغناطیسی قرار می‌گیرند. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی اثرات توام عصاره زعفران و میدان ‌‌الکترومغناطیسی با فرکانس پایین برآنژیوژنز طراحی شد. روش بررسی: در این پژوهش تجربی آزمایشگاهی تخم ‌مرغ های نطفه‌دار در 9 گروه شامل گروه‌های شاهد و شاهد آزمایشگاهی1 و 2، گروه‌های تجربی 1، 2 و 3 (تیمار با عصاره زعفران با غلظت های 100، 400 و 800 g/mlµ) و گروه‌های تجربی 4، 5 و 6 (تیمار توام عصاره زعفران همراه میدان‌الکترومغناطیسی 400 گاؤس) بصورت تصادفی تقسیم شدند. در روز دوم انکوباسیون، در شرایط استریل قسمتی از پوسته تخم‌مرغ‌ها برداشته شد و پنجره ای باز ایجاد گردید. در روز هشتم 10 میکرولیتر از غلظت های مختلف عصاره به نمونه ها تیمار گردید. در روز دهم تخم‌مرغ‌ها 4 ساعت در معرض میدان ‌الکترومغناطیسی (فرکانس 50 هرتز و شدت 400 گاؤس) قرارگرفتند. در روز دوازدهم از تمامی نمونه‌ها به کمک فتواسترئومیکروسکوپ عکس تهیه و تعداد و طول انشعابات عروقی محل تیمار روی پرده کوریوآلانتوئیک به کمک نرم‌افزارImage J بررسی گردید. نتایج با استفاده از آزمون های آماری ANOVA و تست تعقیبی Tukey تحلیل شدند. یافته ها: میانگین طول عروق خونی در گروه تجربی 1 نسبت به گروه شاهد کاهش معنی داری نشان نداد (05/0P>) در حالی که در گروه‌های تجربی 2 و 3 کاهش معنی داری مشاهده شد (001/0

Effect of Phoenix dactylifera pollen grain on maturation of preantral follicles in NMRI mice

Introduction: Optimizing an ideal culture system that is comparable to follicle environment to obtain mature oocytes is one of the important criteria in in vitro maturation (IVM). Phoenix dactylifera L. commonly known as date palm is an important herb in Asia folk medicine that is used to improve fertility in women from ancient time. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of date palm pollen grain extract on IVM of mouse follicles. Methods: In this study follicles with 1 or 2 layers of granulosa cells and round oocytes were isolated from 2-3 weeks old female NMRI mice ovaries. Follicles were cultured in IVM media with different concentrations 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 &mu;g/ml of palm pollen grain extract for 12 days. Then, the effect of date palm pollen grain on follicular growth and maturation were analyzed. Results: There was a significant increase in follicle growth and maturation rate in all treated groups as compared to the control group, but maturation rate was significantly higher in the presence of 20 &mu;g/ml palm pollen grain. Conclusion: Supplementation of IVM media with date palm pollen grain extract improves the IVM of follicles.</p

Studying the Effect of Lactobacillus fermentum on Arc and CREB Genes Expression of Involved in The Memory of Alzheimer\'s Rats

Introduction: Alzheimer's disease is a common progressive neurogenerative disease that leads to dementia and destruction of brain cells, especially in areas related to learning and memory such as the hippocampus. The role of the Arc gene in synaptic flexibility and memory consolidation has been proven and its expression is strongly influenced by neuronal activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus fermentum on the expression of Arc (effective in synaptic flexibility and memory consolidation) and CREB (effective in stabilizing synaptic changes during learning) genes, involved in the memory of Alzheimer's rats. Material & ethods: In this study that was conducted in 2019, 30 male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups (control, Alzheimer and 3 groups as treatment). In the treatment groups, simultaneously with induction of Alzheimer by stereotaxic method with streptozotocin, supernatant of Lactobacillus fermentum PTCC 1744 in MRS broth with doses of 108, 107, and 106 cfu/ml was injected intraperitoneally for 21 days. After RNA extraction from hippocampus samples, cDNA was synthesized and the expression of the genes was evaluated by real-time PCR and LinReg PCR software. Findings: The data showed an increase in gene expression of Arc and CREB in the treatment groups with a dose of 106 cfu/ml compared to the Alzheimer's group and the difference was significant (P <0.001). Discussion & conclusion: Extracellular compounds of L. fermentum may inhibit the progression of neuronal lesions due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects and may be effective in improving Alzheimer's

Effect of Phoenix dactylifera pollen grain on maturation of preantral follicles in NMRI mice

Introduction: Optimizing an ideal culture system that is comparable to follicle environment to obtain mature oocytes is one of the important criteria in in vitro maturation (IVM). Phoenix dactylifera L. commonly known as date palm is an important herb in Asia folk medicine that is used to improve fertility in women from ancient time. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of date palm pollen grain extract on IVM of mouse follicles. Methods: In this study follicles with 1 or 2 layers of granulosa cells and round oocytes were isolated from 2-3 weeks old female NMRI mice ovaries. Follicles were cultured in IVM media with different concentrations 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 μg/ml of palm pollen grain extract for 12 days. Then, the effect of date palm pollen grain on follicular growth and maturation were analyzed. Results: There was a significant increase in follicle growth and maturation rate in all treated groups as compared to the control group, but maturation rate was significantly higher in the presence of 20 μg/ml palm pollen grain. Conclusion: Supplementation of IVM media with date palm pollen grain extract improves the IVM of follicles

Evaluation of genes expression changes in the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis and cell cycle in AsPC-1 cells treated with Fluorouracil

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most deadly and aggressive cancers; Fluorouracil induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in cancer cells. In the present study; the effect of Fluorouracil on different stages of the cell cycle and the expression of genes involved in the internal pathway of apoptosis in the AsPC-1 cell line (human pancreatic cancer) were investigated. In order to do so, MTT assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of Fluorouracil on AsPC-1 cell proliferation; The type of induced cell death and cell cycle changes were investigated by flow cytometry; changes in the expression level of genes (BAX, Bcl-2, APAF-1, Caspase-3, Caspase-9, p53, p21) were examined by Real-time PCR. Quantitative data were analyzed at the significant level of (p<0.05). The MTT assay results showed that Fluorouracil decreased AsPC-1 cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner. The results of flow cytometry analysis showed that increased percentage of apoptotic cells in the treated cells; Fluorouracil induces S phase cell cycle arrest in AsPC-1 cells and reduced distribution in the G1 phase. The Real-time PCR results in treated cells showed an increase in the expression of genes in the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway as well as genes effective in regulating the cell cycle. Fluorouracil reduces cell proliferation and induces apoptosis by increasing the expression of genes involved in the Intrinsic apoptotic pathway in AsPC-1 cells; Fluorouracil also caused cell cycle arrest in these cells by regulating the (p53, p21) genes

Anticancer effect of Artemisia extract and cisplatin on induction of apoptosis and inhibition of proliferation in A2780 human ovarian cancer

Cisplatin, as a chemotherapy drug, causes serious side effects in the advanced stages of the cancer. Recently, Artemisia has been considered for its bioactive compounds, anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-cancer and anti-metastatic effects of the methanolic extract of aerial organs of Artemisia and cisplatin, either alone or in combination, in human ovarian cancer cell line A2780. The viability of A2780 cells after treatment with Artemisia extract, cisplatin and their combination was evaluated by MTT assay and the alterations in the morphology of the cell nuclei were examined by DAPI staining. The induction of apoptosis was assessed by Annexin V test, cell migration and changes in expression levels of apoptotic genes (Bax and P53) and metastasis (MMP2 and MMP9) using real-time PCR. MTT test data showed that Artemisia extract, cisplatin and their combination decreased the viability of ovarian cancer cells. DAPI and Annexin V indicated the DNA fragmentation and increased percentage of cellular apoptosis in comparison with the control group. The migration and real-time PCR data showed a decline in thr cell invasion and expression of genes involved in metastasis (MMP2 and MMP9) in cancer cells while the expression of apoptotic genes (Bax and P53) was increased in the treated groups. The results of this study showed that while both Artemisia extract and cisplatin posses anti-proliferative effect, apoptotic and suitable anti-metastatic effects on their own in A2780 cell line, their combination have synergic effects and posses those desired properties in lower concentration of cisplatin, which can reduce the side effects of cisplatin in cancer treatment