Hazard Ratios for Death among Patients with HIV-infection and Culture-Confirmed Pulmonary TB Alive at Diagnosis and Initiated Therapy, United States, 1993–2006.

*<p>Excluding patients reported after 2006 (536 smear-positive, 431 smear-negative), not documented as alive at diagnosis (191 smear-positive, 362 smear-negative), with no documented treatment (35 smear-positive, 112 smear-negative), or whose recorded outcome date preceded start of therapy or was missing (153 smear-positive, 110 smear-negative).</p>†<p>Other outcomes not represented as a column in this table include patients who moved during treatment or were lost (650 smear-positive, 484 smear-negative), were uncooperative with therapy (52 smear-positive, 45 smear-negative), or whose outcomes were otherwise not known (35 smear-positive, 30 smear-negative),</p>§<p>Adjusted for gender, age group, race/ethnicity, nationality, incarceration, alcohol and drug use, and previous TB; after adjustment, homelessness in the previous year was the only examined covariate that was no longer statistically significant.</p

Survival Curves for patients with HIV-infection and culture-confirmed pulmonary TB, by sputum smear result, United States, 1993–2006.

<p>Solid line indicates the Kaplan-Meier survival curve for smear-positive patients. Dotted line indicates the Kaplan-Meier survival curve for smear-negative patients.</p

Sputum smear status among patients with HIV and culture-confirmed TB among those with reported sputum smear, United States, 1993–2008.

<p>Black bars indicate the percentage of patients with reported sputum smear result who were smear-positive. Gray bars indicate the percentage of patients with who were smear-negative.</p

Behavioral and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with HIV-Infection and Culture-Confirmed Pulmonary TB, by Sputum Smear Result, United States, 1993–2008.

*<p>Percentages are the proportion with a specific smear status among all patients with the characteristic who had a known smear status.</p>†<p>Among patients aged 15–64 (6,607 smear-negative, 9,769 smear-positive).</p>§<p>Among all patients (6,739 smear-negative, 9,971 smear-positive).</p>**<p>Among patients with a reported chest radiograph result (6,481 smear-negative, 9,685 smear-positive).</p

Demographic Characteristics of Patients with HIV and Culture-Confirmed, Pulmonary TB, by Sputum AFB Smear Result, United States, 1993–2008.

*<p>Percentages are the proportion with a specific smear status among all patients with the characteristic who had a known smear status.</p>†<p>One smear-negative case had an unknown age and is not included.</p>§<p>There were 6 smear-positive cases and 2 smear-negative cases designated as multiple race and 28 smear-positive and 22 smear-negative cases designated as unknown race, these were not included.</p>**<p>Among patients aged 15–64 (6,607 smear-negative, 9,769 smear-positive).</p

Tuberculosis case counts with Joinpoint regression among recent entrants, 2000–2014.

<p>Shaded bars indicate tuberculosis case counts among recent entrants (foreign-born persons with <3 years since U.S. entry). The solid line represents a Joinpoint regression of tuberculosis case counts. Solid circles represent statistically significant changes in trend in 2007 and 2011 (2000–2007 annual percent change, -1.7% [95% confidence interval {CI}, -3.5%, +0.2%); 2007–2011 annual percent change, -11.4% (95% CI -17.4%, -5.1%)]; 2011–2014 annual percent change, -0.6% [95% CI, -7.3%, +6.5%]).</p

Tuberculosis case counts and percent decline among recent entrants, by country of origin or tuberculosis incidence in country of origin, 2007 and 2011.

<p>Light shaded bars represent tuberculosis case counts in 2007, and dark shaded bars represent tuberculosis case counts in 2011. Percentages indicate the percent decline in case count for each group during 2007–2011. Recent entrants are foreign-born persons with <3 years since U.S. entry. The top five countries of origin accounting for the greatest number of tuberculosis cases among foreign-born persons in the United States are listed; cases among persons from other countries are classified according to tuberculosis incidence in the country of origin as low (<15 cases/100,000 persons), medium (15–99 cases/100,000 persons), or high (≥100 cases/100,000 persons). Countries with unknown incidence rates were excluded. All incidence rates used to categorize countries of origin are from World Health Organization data [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0147353#pone.0147353.ref001" target="_blank">1</a>] and expressed per 100,000 persons.</p

Top twenty-five countries of origin with the highest proportion of reactivation TB among foreign-born persons diagnosed with TB in United States, 2005–2009^*.

<p>*Among countries with at least 100 reported cases.</p>1<p>Column percent.</p

Proportion of reactivation TB among foreign-born TB cases by time in the U.S. prior to TB diagnosis, United States 2005–2009.

1<p>Column percent.</p>2<p>Comparing nonclustered to clustered.</p

Proportion of reactivation TB among foreign-born TB cases by estimated annual TB incidence in the country of origin, United States 2005–2009.

1<p>Column percent.</p>2<p>per 100,000 population.</p