Flowchart of patients eligible for the cohort.

<p>Flowchart of patients eligible for the cohort.</p

Characteristics of RA cohort, by vaccination status (N = 15724).

<p>Characteristics of RA cohort, by vaccination status (N = 15724).</p

Influenza and pneumonia vaccination uptake, and timing of vaccinations in relation to starting DMARD therapy (N = 15724).

<p>Influenza and pneumonia vaccination uptake, and timing of vaccinations in relation to starting DMARD therapy (N = 15724).</p

Box and whisker plots of influenza and pneumococcal vaccination uptake by region.

<p>Box and whisker plots showing the percentage of patients within a practice receiving at least one influenza vaccination (1A) or pneumonia vaccination (1B), by region. Box plots represent the median (central line), interquartile range (box), range, excluding outliers (whiskers) and outliers (dots) of the percentage of patients within a practice who receive at least one vaccination during follow-up.</p

Summary of studies of influenza and pneumococcus vaccination uptake in the UK.

<p>Summary of studies of influenza and pneumococcus vaccination uptake in the UK.</p

Safety and Efficacy of Recombinant and Live Herpes Zoster Vaccines for Prevention in At-Risk Adults with Chronic Diseases and Immunocompromising Conditions

Compared with the general population, older adults with immune senescence and individuals who are immunocompromised (IC) due to disease or immunosuppressive therapy are at increased risk for herpes zoster (HZ) and its associated complications, which can be debilitating and life-threatening. Vaccination can be an effective strategy against HZ and studies have shown that HZ vaccination in IC individuals can elicit immune responses and provide protection from infection. Recently, the first approvals have been granted in the United States and the European Union for the recombinant HZ vaccine (RZV) in adults ≥18 years of age at risk of HZ due to immunodeficiency or immunosuppression. Existing systematic reviews have highlighted the risks for HZ in limited immunocompromising conditions and have only examined clinical data for RZV. This review details the risks and burden of HZ in a broad range of clinically relevant IC populations and summarizes key efficacy and safety data for RZV and live HZ vaccine in these individuals. Research has shown IC individuals can benefit from HZ vaccination; however, these insights have yet to be fully incorporated into vaccination guidelines and clinical care. Clinicians should consider HZ vaccination in eligible at-risk populations to protect against HZ and its associated complications and thereby, reduce the burden that HZ poses on the healthcare system. Electronic health records and linked personal health records could be used to identify and contact patients eligible for HZ vaccination and provide clinical decision support -generated alerts for missing or delayed vaccinations. This review will help clinicians identify eligible IC individuals who may benefit from HZ vaccination.</p

Incident rates of NTM cases per 100,000 patient-years by region and by microbiologically-identified organism from 2009 through 2012.

<p>Reprinted from Esri^® ArcGIS Online^® under a CC BY license, with permission from Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc., original copyright 2017.</p

Incidence rates of NTM cases per 100,000 patient-years receiving care in VA over time.

<p>Incidence rates of NTM cases per 100,000 patient-years receiving care in VA over time.</p

NTM patient demographics and major co-morbidities, along with age- and setting-matched controls.

<p>NTM patient demographics and major co-morbidities, along with age- and setting-matched controls.</p

Kaplan-Meier curves of survival after pulmonary and extra-pulmonary NTM diagnosis compared to age- and clinical-setting matched controls.

<p>Kaplan-Meier curves of survival after pulmonary and extra-pulmonary NTM diagnosis compared to age- and clinical-setting matched controls.</p