Relative gene expression of proteoglycan core proteins and enzymes in glomeruli (A) and tubulo-interstitial compartment (B) of biopsies from IgAN patients compared to controls.

<p>Controls values are defined as 1, and higher values indicate up-regulation while lower values indicate down-regulation. Error bars represent SEM. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.</p

PAS staining of sclerotic glomeruli from a representative IgAN patient (A), and the consecutive section stained for decorin (B) shows overlap of the sclerotic area and decorin staining.

<p>PAS staining of glomeruli without sclerosis (C) and consecutive section showing no staining for decorin (D) in the same patient. Decorin is abundantly expressed in sclerotic glomeruli both in controls and patients with IgAN, but not in non-sclerotic glomeruli. Magnification ×63.</p

Clinical characteristics of patients with IgAN at time of biopsy.

<p>Abbreviations; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; MAP, mean arterial pressure; BP, blood pressure; RAAS, Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.</p><p>*estimated GFR calculated using MDRD formula (ml/min/1.73 m²), the other GFRs presented in the table are determined using ⁵¹Cr-EDTA clearance.</p>†<p>calculated from tU-protein.</p