Factors Associated with Virological Failure and Suppression after Enhanced Adherence Counselling, in Children, Adolescents and Adults on Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV in Swaziland

This study explores factors associated with virological detectability, and viral re-suppression after enhanced adherence counselling, in adults and children on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Swaziland

Numbers and proportions of viral load tests included and excluded at each stage of the analysis of predictors of virological outcomes, Swaziland, 2012–2013.

<p>Numbers and proportions of viral load tests included and excluded at each stage of the analysis of predictors of virological outcomes, Swaziland, 2012–2013.</p

Factors associated with detectable viral load (viral load >100 copies/ml) in patients on antiretroviral therapy for more than six months in Swaziland, 2012–2013.

<p>¹ The adjusted ORs are those from the final model, and include control for clustering by health facility.</p><p>²ART = antiretroviral therapy.</p><p>³ Median time on ART in undetectable group was 2.7 years (95% CI 1.4–4.4).</p><p>⁴ WHO = World Health Organisation.</p><p>⁵ ‘Unknown’ categories are included when >1% of values are missing. Having a missing value for time on ART, WHO Clinical Stage, last C4 count, TB co-infection status or ART regimen was associated with increased likelihood of detectable VL. These patients were excluded from the final regression model (see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0116144#sec003" target="_blank">methods</a> and <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0116144#pone.0116144.s001" target="_blank">S1 Table</a>).</p><p>Factors associated with detectable viral load (viral load >100 copies/ml) in patients on antiretroviral therapy for more than six months in Swaziland, 2012–2013.</p

Factors associated with viral re-suppression (viral load<100 copies/ml, or 2 log reduction) after planned adherence counselling in patients with detectable viral load on antiretroviral therapy in Swaziland, 2012–2013.

<p>¹ The adjusted ORs are those from the final model, and include control for clustering by health facility.</p><p>²ART = antiretroviral therapy.</p><p>³ Median time on ART in undetectable group was 3.2 years (95% CI 18–4.9).</p><p>⁴ WHO = World Health Organisation.</p><p>⁵ ‘Unknown’ categories are included when >1% of values are missing. On regression analysis, no association was seen between likelihood of re-suppression and having unknown missing value for time on ART, WHO Clinical Stage, last C4 count, TB co-infection status or ART regimen.</p><p>Factors associated with viral re-suppression (viral load<100 copies/ml, or 2 log reduction) after planned adherence counselling in patients with detectable viral load on antiretroviral therapy in Swaziland, 2012–2013.</p