Comparison of organic and conventional pig productions on prevalence, antibiotic resistance and genetic diversity of Escherichia coli

The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence, the tetracycline resistance level and the genetic diversity of Escherichia coli isolated from organic pigs in comparison with conventional pigs. This study is integrated in a global European project, Safeorganic, funded trough CORE Organic II call. 25 organic and 25 conventional herds were considered in one slaughterhouse from April to October 2012. Colon content of 2 pigs per herds was sampled. For each pig, enumeration of E. coli and of tetracycline resistant E. coli (TET+E. coli) was determined

Comparison of organic and conventional pig productions on prevalence, antibiotic resistance and genetic diversity of Escherichia coli

The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence, the tetracycline resistance level and the genetic diversity of Escherichia coli isolated from organic pigs in comparison with conventional pigs. This study is integrated in a global European project, Safeorganic, funded trough CORE Organic II call. 25 organic and 25 conventional herds were considered in one slaughterhouse from April to October 2012. Colon content of 2 pigs per herds was sampled. For each pig, enumeration of E. coli and of tetracycline resistant E. coli (TET+E. coli) was determined.</p

Coding and non-coding roles of MOCCI (C15ORF48) coordinate to regulate host inflammation and immunity

10.1038/s41467-021-22397-5Nature Communications12

Mitochondrial peptide BRAWNIN is essential for vertebrate respiratory complex III assembly

The emergence of small open reading frame (sORF)-encoded peptides (SEPs) is rapidly expanding the known proteome at the lower end of the size distribution. Here, we show that the mitochondrial proteome, particularly the respiratory chain, is enriched for small proteins. Using a prediction and validation pipeline for SEPs, we report the discovery of 16 endogenous nuclear encoded, mitochondrial-localized SEPs (mito-SEPs). Through functional prediction, proteomics, metabolomics and metabolic flux modeling, we demonstrate that BRAWNIN, a 71 a.a. peptide encoded by C12orf73, is essential for respiratory chain complex III (CIII) assembly. In human cells, BRAWNIN is induced by the energy-sensing AMPK pathway, and its depletion impairs mitochondrial ATP production. In zebrafish, Brawnin deletion causes complete CIII loss, resulting in severe growth retardation, lactic acidosis and early death. Our findings demonstrate that BRAWNIN is essential for vertebrate oxidative phosphorylation. We propose that mito-SEPs are an untapped resource for essential regulators of oxidative metabolism