Analytische und experimentelle Untersuchungen zur Bedeutung der Humin- und Fulvosaeuren als Reaktionspartner fuer Schwermetalle in anthropogen belasteten und unbelasteten Regionen

Copy held by FIZ Karlsruhe; available from UB/TIB Hannover / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

Sorption of metals on humic acid

The sorption on humic acid (HA) of metals from an aqueous solution containing Hg(II). Fe(III), Pb, Cu, Al, Ni, Cr(III), Cd, Zn, Co and Mn, was investigated with special emphasis on effects of pH, metal concentration and HA concentration. The sorption efficiency tended to increase with rise in pH, decrease in metal concentration and increase in HA concentration of the equilibrating solution. At pH 2.4. the order of sorption was: Hg Fe Pb Cu=Al Ni Cr=Zn=Cd=Co=Mn. At pH 3.7. the order was: Hg and Fe were always most readily removed, while Co and Mn were sorbed least readily. There were indications of competition for active sites (CO2H and phenolic OH groups) on the HA between the different metals. We were unable to find correlations between the affinities of the eleven metals to sorb on HA and their atomic weights, atomic numbers, valencies, and crystal and hydrated ionic radii. The sorption of the eleven metals on the HA could be described by the equation Full-size image (1K), where Y = % metal removed by HA; X = mgHA; and A and B are empirical constant

Neotypification of the name Crocus biflorus Mill. (Iridaceae) and its consequences in the taxonomy of the genus

Recent phylogenetic investigations on the genus Crocus proved several infra-generic units predominantly within section Nudiscapus to be para- or polyphyletic even at infra-specific level. In particular, the 23 “subspecies” of C. biflorus Mill. turned out to be a polyphyletic assemblage grouping in very different clades and sub-groups. In addition, they were established under the binomial Crocus biflorus, not yet typified. As first step, we neotypified this name. Then, through a phylogeny based on the ETS region of the nuclear ribosomal (nr) DNA as an additional nuclear marker to the already available nrITS region, we further demonstrated that all the “subspecies” represent independent evolutionary lineages. Therefore, all these taxa are treated here at species level. To achieve this, 10 new combinations are proposed

A new Serbian endemic species of the genus Crocus (Iridaceae)

Recent research within the genus Crocus (Iridaceae) let us doubt that Crocus adamii Gay from Serbia represents the same taxon as C. adamii s. str. of the locus classicus in the Caucasian Mountains. The latter belongs to a group of crocuses, which is distributed from the Anatolian Diagonal, a mountain belt in inner Anatolia, to Iran and the Caucasian Mountains. To infer (i) if the Serbian C. adamii represents a new species and (ii) its taxonomical and phylogenetic affiliation within the genus we combined morphological and molecular investigations. The results show the presence of a morphologically and molecularly differentiated lineages, which both share a close relationship e.g. to C. alexandrii, C. chrysanthus, and C. weldenii but not to C. adamii s. str., which indicates a new species. As a result, we here describe C. randjeloviciorum to honor the Serbian botanists Novica and Vladimir Ranđelović

Crocus chrysanthus s. lato

New taxa in Crocus are described from Turkey: C. chrysanthus subsp. chrysanthus var. bicoloraceus F. Candan & N. Ozhatay var. nov. and C. chrysanthus subsp. chrysanthus var. atroviolaceus F. Candan & N. Ozhatay var. nov.; C. chrysanthus subsp. punctatus F. Candan & N. Ozhatay subsp. nov., C. chrysanthus subsp. kesercioglui F. Candan & N. Ozhatay subsp. nov. and C. chrysanthus subsp. sipyleus F. Candan & N. Ozhatay subsp. nov. A new classification of the species is based mainly on the colour of flowers and anthers, type of pollen grains, seed surface ornamentation, and chromosome numbers

Bewertung der Grundwassergefaehrdung von Altablagerungen Standardisierte Methoden und Massstaebe

With a view to obtaining, for the large number of abandoned sites suspected of pollution, necessary information regarding the type and extent of possible ground water contamination with a minimum of effort and cost, a hierarchical investigation strategy was developed and successfully tested in more than 100 cases in Germany. As a decisive advantage, already the well-defined and simple investigation steps ''preliminary prospecting'' and ''screening'' permit to recognize polluted sites posing a hazard to ground water. The more specific and demanding investigation steps ''pollutant analysis'' and ''detailed investigations'' may be carried through if necessary. (orig./BBR)Um bei der grossen Anzahl altlastverdaechtiger Flaechen mit moeglichst geringem Arbeits- und Kostenaufwand die notwendigen Informationen bezueglich Art und Ausdehnung einer moeglichen Grundwasserkontamination zu erhalten, wurde eine hierarchisch gegliederte Untersuchungsstrategie entwickelt und an ueber 100 Fallbeispielen in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland mit Erfolg angewandt. Entscheidender Vorteil dieser Methodik ist, dass bereits nach den genau definierten und mit wenig Aufwand durchfuehrbaren Untersuchungsschritten ''Vorerkundung'' und ''Screening'' eine Erkennung grundwassergefaehrdender Problemstandorte (Altlasten) moeglich ist, die dann - wenn noetig - den entsprechenden und aufwendigeren Untersuchungsschritten ''Problemstoffanalytik'' und ''Detailuntersuchungen'' zugefuehrt werden koennen. (orig./BBR)Available from TIB Hannover: RO 2237(1993,1) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEBundesministerium fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT), Bonn (Germany)DEGerman

Kriterienkatalog zur Beurteilung von Gefahren in Einzugsgebieten von Trinkwassergewinnungsanlagen am Beispiel militaerischer Altlasten

During the 'cold war' the two power blocs of the world held a colossal potential of weapons and technology in Europe, particularly at the German border and the hinterland. Up to the disintegration of the eastern military alliance, the West Group of the Soviet Armies, together with the National People's Army of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) and its paramilitary unities, represented a high fighting strength and battle readiness on a military area of about 5000 Km"2. Together with the properties of the western Allies (U.S. Forces, the British and the French Army, and others) and the Federal Armed Forces in the former Federal Republic of Germany, the total military area was approx. 10.000 Km"2 (=approximately 4-times the surface of the federal state of Saarland). With the year 1990 the fears have been confirmed that particularly the military or former military sites held considerable dangers for the human health. Besides pollution from former production sites, other causes within the last decades were improper handling of toxic and water endangering substances. The gradual discount of the western group of the Soviet army was realized in close cooperation with the Federal Environmental Agency. Once this phase was finished, the Governments of the Laender, the Federal authorities for environment and health, the Federal Army, and the Federal Committee for Immediate Help (FKST) on Drinking Water (FKST), more than 40 sites of drinking water extraction were assessed as being acutely at risk. Since then, the interest has driven from such openly manifesting dangers to those being still unrecognised but of at least the same risk potential, called latent dangers. The significance of these military 'hangovers' is due to long-term effect chains on the soil/ground -water/drinking water path. Experts assessed, that the surface of the former GDR could comprise at least 100 out of 10.000 objects (combined properties of WGT, NVA, bordering troops, department for security of the state and others) with potentially serious consequences for human health. The aim of the criterions catalogue is to counteract such unhealthy effects on the man prospectively. (orig.)Available from TIB Hannover: RO 2237(1996,6) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman