Deep Collaborative Filtering Approaches for Context-Aware Venue Recommendation

In recent years, vast amounts of user-generated data have being created on Location-Based Social Networks (LBSNs) such as Yelp and Foursquare. Making effective personalised venue suggestions to users based on their preferences and surrounding context is a challenging task. Context-Aware Venue Recommendation (CAVR) is an emerging topic that has gained a lot of attention from researchers, where context can be the user's current location for example. Matrix Factorisation (MF) is one of the most popular collaborative filtering-based techniques, which can be used to predict a user's rating on venues by exploiting explicit feedback (e.g. users' ratings on venues). However, such explicit feedback may not be available, particularly for inactive users, while implicit feedback is easier to obtain from LBSNs as it does not require the users to explicitly express their satisfaction with the venues. In addition, the MF-based approaches usually suffer from the sparsity problem where users/venues have very few rating, hindering the prediction accuracy. Although previous works on user-venue rating prediction have proposed to alleviate the sparsity problem by leveraging user-generated data such as social information from LBSNs, research that investigates the usefulness of Deep Neural Network algorithms (DNN) in alleviating the sparsity problem for CAVR remains untouched or partially studied

Demographics of amblyopic patients and controls at the baseline.

<p>Demographics of amblyopic patients and controls at the baseline.</p

Additional file 1: of Correlation between optic nerve head circulation and visual function before and after anti-VEGF therapy for central retinal vein occlusion: prospective, interventional case series

Raw data (MBR, visual function). (DOC 68 kb

Rate of change in subfoveal choroidal thickness (CT).

<p>A: Changes of the subfoveal CT of amblyopic eyes in patients with anisohypermetropic amblyopia. The thicker choroids became thinner and thinner choroids became thicker. There was a negative correlation between the rate of change in the subfoveal choroidal thickness and the baseline subfoveal choroidal thickness. (<i>r</i> = -0.59, <i>P</i> = 0.003; Pearson’s correlation coefficient). B: Changes of the subfoveal CT of the fellow eyes in patients with anisohypermetropic amblyopia. The thicker choroid became thinner and thinner choroid became thicker. There was a negative correlation between the rate of change in the subfoveal choroidal thickness and the baseline subfoveal choroidal thickness. (<i>r</i> = -0.48, <i>P</i> = 0.02; Pearson’s correlation coefficient). C: Changes of the subfoveal CT of control eyes. There was no correlation between the rate of change in the subfoveal choroidal thickness and the baseline subfoveal choroidal thickness. (<i>r</i> = -0.15, <i>P</i> = 0.49; Pearson’s correlation coefficient).</p

Changes in Choroidal Structures in Eyes with Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy after Half-Dose Photodynamic Therapy

<div><p>Purpose</p><p>To determine the structural changes in the choroid after half-dose photodynamic therapy (hPDT) in eyes with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).</p><p>Methods</p><p>This was a retrospective interventional study of 29 eyes of 29 patients who underwent hPDT for chronic CSC with serous retinal detachment (SRD) and were followed for ≥3 months. Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomographic (EDI-OCT) images of the subfoveal choroid were converted to binary images. The central choroidal thickness (CCT), the cross sectional subfoveal choroidal area, the hyporeflective and hyperreflective areas of the inner, outer, and whole choroid were determined at the baseline, and at 1, 3, and 12 months after the hPDT.</p><p>Results</p><p>The SRDs were resolved in 26 (89.7%) eyes at 3 months after the hPDT. The mean CCT (<i>P</i> = 0.001), the total choroidal area (<i>P</i> = 0.001), and the hypo-reflective area (<i>P</i> = 0.003) of the whole choroid were significantly decreased from the baseline at 3 months. The hyperreflective area of whole choroid was not significantly changed during the study period (<i>P</i> = 0.083). The hyperreflective but not the hyporeflective area of the inner choroid was significantly decreased at 3 months (<i>P</i> = 0.001, <i>P</i> = 1.000, respectively). The hyporeflective but not the hyperreflective area of the outer choroid was significantly decreased at 3 months (<i>P</i> = 0.001, <i>P</i> = 1.000, respectively).</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>The hyperreflective area of the inner choroid and hyporeflective area of the outer choroid were significantly decreased after hPDT for chronic CSC. Because the hyperreflective and hyporeflective area correspond to the choroidal stroma and vessels, respectively, the decreased CCT and subfoveal choroidal area after hPDT may be attributed to a decrease in the exudative changes in the inner choroidal stroma and the reduction of the dilation of the outer choroidal vessels.</p></div

Layer-by-layer analyses of choroidal structures of treatment eyes and the fellow eyes before and after half-dose PDT.

<p>Layer-by-layer analyses of choroidal structures of treatment eyes and the fellow eyes before and after half-dose PDT.</p

Scattered plots showing the associations between BCVA at the baseline and that at 3 months.

<p>No eye was worsened ≥10 letters at 3 months compared with that at baseline. The data of 7 eyes were overlapped each other in this scattered plots.</p

Representative enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomographic (EDI-OCT) images and the converted binary images of the eye of a 55-year-old man with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).

<p>(A, B, C) EDI-OCT images of the fellow eye (A), treated eye at baseline (B), and at 3 months after hPDT (C). (D, E, F) The converted binary images of the EDI-OCT images shown in A (D), B (E), and C (F). The margins of the region of interest (ROI) are delineated by red lines. Yellow dashed lines indicate the border of the inner and the outer choroid.</p

Time course of changes in EDI-OCT parameters.

<p>All parameters except the hyperreflective areas were significantly decreased from the baseline at 1 month and thereafter. Data are presented relative to that at the baseline. *<i>P</i> <0.001, #<i>P</i> <0.01, †<i>P</i> <0.05.</p

Baseline Demographic Data of the Patients with Chronic CSC.

<p>Baseline Demographic Data of the Patients with Chronic CSC.</p