PERMANOVA analysis of settlement of <i>Tripneustes gratilla</i> to <i>Sargassum linearifolium</i> conditioned seawater after 96 hours.

<p>Significant differences (P<0.05) are in bold; df, degrees of freedom, MS, mean square.</p

PERMANOVA repeated measures analysis examining survival of <i>Tripneustes gratilla</i> at day 18, 25 and 46 after settlement to natural biofilm plates and <i>Sargassum linearifolium</i> conditioned seawater.

<p>Significant differences (P<0.05) are in bold; df, degrees of freedom, MS, mean square.</p

The effect of temperature on settlement and post-settlement survival of <i>Tripneustes gratilla</i> in a small scale laboratory trial.

<p>(A) Settlement and post-settlement spine development. Letters denote significant differences (PERMANOVA, post-hoc pair-wise test). (B) Survival to 24 days. * denotes significant difference between treatments (PERMANOVA, post-hoc pair-wise test). Data are means ± SE.</p

The settlement of <i>Tripneustes gratilla</i> to mixed consortia, single strains and supernatants of bacteria isolated from macroalgae, biofilms and adult conspecifics.

<p>The full species names are presented in the text. ASW = Autoclaved Seawater. Data are means ± SE. Bars denote statistical differences (PERMANOVA, post-hoc pair-wise test).</p

The effect of <i>Sargassum linearifolium</i> conditioned seawater in combination with natural biofilm settlement plates on settlement and post-settlement survival of <i>Tripneustes gratilla</i> in a commercial scale trial.

<p>(A) Location of settlement. Letters denote statistical differences (PERMANOVA, post-hoc pair-wise test). (B) Survival to 46 days. Control = natural biofilm plates, Biofilm + Conditioned Seawater = natural biofilm plates and <i>S. linearifolium</i> conditioned seawater. * denotes significant difference between treatments (PERMANOVA, P<0.05), NS = not significant. Data are means ± SE.</p

Settlement and post-settlement survival of <i>Tripneustes gratilla</i> induced to settle using natural biofilm in a commercial scale trial.

<p>(A) Location of newly settled sea urchins at first census. Letters denote statistical differences (PERMANOVA, post-hoc pair-wise test). (B) Survival to 31 days. Data are means ± SE.</p

Repeated measures PERMANOVA examining survival of <i>Tripneustes gratilla</i> at 6 time points to 24 days at five different temperatures.

<p>Significant differences (P<0.05) are in bold; df, degrees of freedom, MS, mean square.</p