Analysis of Automobile Advertisements in American Magazines

The automobile is one of the most important products in American consumer culture. Throughout the history of the automobile industry in America, advertising has been an important strategy for marketing automobiles and their features to consumers on a mass scale. The purpose of this study was to evaluate how print (magazine) automobile advertisements have changed through time (1960-2013) and across different genres of magazines: general (National Geographic, New Yorker), male-oriented (Esquire), female-oriented (Cosmopolitan), and ethnic (Ebony). The trends that we examined included: numbers and proportions of car advertisements, relative numbers of domestic and foreign car advertisements, and the mix of automobile features. We found that the total number of car advertisements per magazine peaked in the late 1990s overall, with differences among the magazine genres. The number of advertisements for cars produced by American manufacturers peaked in the mid-1990s. The number of foreign car advertisements significantly increased after 1975, with Japanese cars leading this group. We discuss the trends in advertising parameters over time and across magazine genres in light of changes in buyer attitudes, including attitudes towards the environment

Capacity Utilization, Income Distribution, and the Urban Informal Sector: An Open-Economy Model

Developing economies worldwide have experienced rapid informal sector expansion in response to formal sector unemployment. However, the macroeconomic eects of formal-informal sector dualism have been widely overlooked. This paper develops a two-sector, structuralist, macroeconomic model to analyze the impact of urban informal sector activity on export-led growth policy. The model uses stylized facts from the Johannesburg informal sector and is applicable to countries where informal sector production is concentrated in low-wage goods and commercial services. The paper finds that trade-os between capacity utilization and reduced income inequality could be magnified when the existence of an urban informal sector is incorporated.informal sector, South Africa, macroeconomic policy

Advanced C and D techniques and application study

A study was conducted to identify a broad base of payload control and display requirements for space missions. The subjects discussed are: (1) functional requirements and allocation analysis, (2) control and display generic device matrix, (3) control functional requirements, and (4) display functional requirements. Specific applications of payload control and display requirements for various disciplines are defined

BioNanoAdhesion: atomic force microscopy study of the electrostatic properties of pyridine-and imidazole-based polycationic surfaces

Self-assembled monolayers of pyridine- and imidazole-based disulfides are currently being produced on low roughness gold surfaces. The electrostatic interaction between these surfaces and an atomic force microscope cantilever, modified with a silica microparticle, will subsequently be investigated as a function of environmental pH. The results can be used towards the development of improved nanoparticulate non-viral gene delivery vectors

What vitamins and minerals should be given to breastfed and bottle-fed infants?

Breastfed and formula-fed infants should receive intramuscular vitamin K soon after birth to prevent classic hemorrhagic disease of the newborn (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, systematic review of controlled trials). Routine iron supplementation for all term, healthy, breastfed infants is not proven to be safe or necessary. Formula-fed infants should be consuming formula that contains 10 to 12 mg/L of iron (SOR: A, 2 small randomized controlled trials)

Constraints on the sound speed of dark energy

We have studied constraints on the equation of state, $w$, and speed of sound, c_s, of the dark energy from a joint analysis of data from the cosmic microwave background, large scale structure and type-Ia supernovae. We find that current observations have no significant sensitivity to c_s. However, there is a slight difference between models in which there are no dark energy perturbations and models in which dark energy behaves as a fluid. Assuming that there are no dark energy perturbations shifts the allowed region for $w$ to slightly higher values. At present models with and without dark energy perturbations provide roughly equally good fits to observations, but the difference is potentially important for future parameter estimations. Finally, we have also performed error forecasts for future measurements of c_s.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, Revte

Thermochemical ablation of rocket nozzle insert materials Final report

Resistance of rocket nozzle throat insert materials to corrosion and meltin