The Labour Market Impact of Recent Immigration on Ethnic Groups in The UK

The UK experienced has unprecedented levels of immigration in the last decade. These inflows were particularly pronounced following EU enlargement in May 2004, since when the UK has received a huge influx of migrants from Central and Eastern Europe. Although existing studies have suggested that the impact of these migration flows on the UK labour market in general has been small, little is known about the effect on particular demographic sub-groups. We begin to fill this void by examining the effect of recent immigration on the labour market experiences of individuals from different ethnic groups. This analysis is important because of the labour market disadvantages that certain minority groups have previously encountered, the continued rapid population growth experienced by some groups and concerns regarding social cohesion. Using the Labour Force Survey, our econometric estimates suggest that recent immigration has had a small negative impact on labour market outcomes, with a slightly greater effect on native born whites compared to ethnic minorities, although some variation is also found between minority groups.immigration, labour market outcomes, ethnic minorities

Auto-coding UML statecharts for flight software

Statecharts have been used as a means to communicate behaviors in a precise manner between system engineers and software engineers. Handtranslating a statechart to code, as done on some previous space missions, introduces the possibility of errors in the transformation from chart to code. To improve auto-coding, we have developed a process that generates flight code from UML statecharts. Our process is being used for the flight software on the Space Interferometer Mission (SIM)

Low Pay Persistence in European Countries

Using panel data for twelve European countries over the period 1994-2001 we estimate the extent of state dependence in low pay. Controlling for observable and unobservable heterogeneity as well as the endogeneity of initial conditions we find positive, statistically significant state dependence in every single country. The magnitude of this effect varies by country, however this variation is not systematically related to labour market institutions.Low pay, low pay persistence, state dependence, initial conditions, dynamic random effects probit models

Low Pay Persistence in European Countries

Using panel data for twelve European countries over the period 1994-2001 we estimate the extent of state dependence in low pay. Controlling for observable and unobservable heterogeneity as well as the endogeneity of initial conditions we find positive, statistically significant state dependence in every single country. The magnitude of this effect varies by country, however this variation is not systematically related to labour market institutions.initial conditions, state dependence, low pay persistence, low pay, dynamic random effects probit models

Ethnic minority self-employment

In many countries, ethnic minority groups are over-represented in self-employment compared with the majority community. The kind of work done by minority entrepreneurs can therefore be an important driver of the economic well-being of their ethnic group. Furthermore, growing the self-employment sector is a policy objective for many governments, which see it as a source of innovation, economic growth, and employment. While self-employment might offer economic opportunities to minority groups, it is important to understand the factors that underlie the nature and extent of ethnic entrepreneurship to evaluate whether policy measures should support it

Recollections by Ken Clark

https://openspace.dmacc.edu/pioneerrecollections/1014/thumbnail.jp

PINGU and the Neutrino Mass Hierarchy

AbstractThe nature of the neutrino mass hierarchy is one of the most interesting open questions in particle physics today, and thus has drawn a great deal of attention from the neutrino physics community. The measurement of a large mixing angle between the first and third neutrino mass eigenstates has made possible several methods of measuring this hierarchy. One of these methods is a proposed expansion of the IceCube/DeepCore detector called PINGU (Precision IceCube Next Generation Upgrade) which would use atmospheric neutrinos to make the determination. This extension is made up of additional strings of optical sensors (similar to those already deployed in the IceCube detector) which will be located in the ice at the centre of IceCube. The spacing between these sensors would be smaller than even the existing DeepCore detector (both vertically and horizontally) and this increased density would permit the lowering of the neutrino detection threshold to substantially below 10 GeV. The physical nature of the detector as well as the methods used to make this measurement are presented

The Determinants of Lateness: Evidence from British Workers

Using a sample of male and female workers from the 1992 Employment in Britain survey we estimate a generalised grouped zero-inflated Poisson regression model of employeesÕ self-reported lateness. Reflecting theoretical predictions from both psychology and economics, lateness is modelled as a function of incentives, the monitoring of and sanctions for lateness within the workplace, job satisfaction and attitudes to work. Various aspects of workplace incentive and disciplinary policies turn out to affect lateness, however, once these are controlled for, an important role for job satisfaction remains.

The Determinants of Regional Migration in Great Britain: A Duration Approach

Using data from the first fourteen waves of the British Household Panel Survey, we estimate a discrete duration model of interregional migration in Great Britain. By exploiting retrospective information on residency we control for late entry as well as unobserved heterogeneity. We find considerable duration dependence in region of residence in the raw data, most but not all of which disappears when controlling for observable and unobservable differences between individuals. Older workers are less likely to switch region while the better educated are more mobile. There are also some differences between males and females in their likelihood to migrate.regional labour markets, panel data, hazard, duration, migration