Der neue Sozialdialog auf europäischer Ebene : Erfahrungen und Perspektiven (The new European Social Dialogue : evidence and perspectives)

"The article analyses the Protocol on Social Policy and its Agreement appended to the Treaty on European Union and the new Social Chapter resp. not only in legal, but mainly in empirical perspective. The first part consists of a short summary of the basics of the new procedural rules qualified majority voting vs. unanimity, consultation and negotiations of the social partners) and the status of the corporate actors (ETUC, UNICE). In the second part, the first attempts of using the provisions of the Protocol are dealt with (European Works Councils, parental leave, burden of proof of sex discrimination, part time work). Different problems emerging in the implementation processes of the results of legal enactment and voluntary agreements are the focus of the following analysis (interpretation and application of differing legal provisions, representativity of the signatory parties, problems of package deals, democratic legitimisation). In the concluding section, the main findings are summarised (scope of ambivalent results), and a more or less pessimistic outlook on future perspectives is given." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))Sozialpolitik, Politikumsetzung, sozialer Dialog, Europäische Union

Der sektorale soziale Dialog und Europäische Sozialpolitik : erste Empirie und Entwicklungsperspektiven (Sectoral social dialogue and European social policy : first empirical analysis and prospects for development)

"The new social dialogues promoted by the Social Protocol of the Maastricht Treaty on European Union could be considered, on the one hand, as instruments of European social policy; on the other hand, it could be argued, they mirror the range and degree of the Europeanisation of industrial relations. In contrast to the most recent literature, this article focuses not on the interprofessional, but exclusively on the sectoral variant of social dialogue. The empirical analysis of its constraints and oportunities is based on qualitative case studies of selected sectors (engineering, construction, traffic, public sector). Our results reveal significant differences between as well as within sectors. In particular, social dialogues take place within different service sectors. Furthermore, different problems of the sectoral application of the Social Protocol are analysed (further decentralisation of Sectoral Dialogues, improved coordination of interests, implementation of sectoral framework agreements and future role of the Commission). In the conclusion, different possible future scenarios are discussed." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))europäische Sozialpolitik, Wirtschaftssektoren, Sozialpartner, soziale Beziehungen, Europäische Union

XMovie: Architecture and Implementation of a Distributed Movie System

We describe a system for storing, transmitting and presenting digital movies in a computer network. The hardware used in the system is standard hardware, as found in typical workstations today; no special hardware is required. The movies are shown in windows of the X window system. This allows full integration with the classical components of computer applications such as text, color graphics, menus and icons. The XMovie system has several innovative features: First, it contains a new algorithm for the gradual adaptation of the color lookup table during the presentation of the movie to ensure optimal color quality on low-end workstations. Second, it is a multi-standard system supporting the compression techniques MPEG, H.261, Motion JPEG, and a newly developed extension to the well known Color Cell Compression method. Third, we introduce AdFEC, a new adaptable forward error correction method for our movie transmission protocol

Erweiterung von X für digitale Filme

In dieser Arbeit wird eine Erweiterung von X11 für die Bewegtbilddarstellung in einer verteilten Umgebung vorgestellt. Sie ermöglicht den benutzerkontrollierten Ablauf von Filmen in Fenstern, die von X zur Verfügung gestellt werden. Nach einer Einführung in die Problematik der Bewegtbilddarstellung und -übertragung wird die Erweiterung des X-Window-Systems detailliert beschrieben. Der Schwerpunkt liegt dabei auf der Funktionalität der Benutzerschnittstelle und der Verarbeitung von Filmaufträgen im X-Server. Ausserdem werden verschiedene Leistungsmessungen präsentiert, die zur Engpassanalyse des Systems durchgeführt wurden

Temperature dependent photoluminescence of anatase and rutile TiO 2 single crystals: Polaron and self-trapped exciton formation

International audienc

Method for Configuring Product and Order Flexible Assembly Lines in the Automotive Industry

AbstractIn the last few years the number of offered vehicle derivatives in the multi variant serial production of the automotive industry increased. The existing assembly lines have to manage many ramp ups. It is necessary to increase the product and order flexibility of existing assembly lines to manage these challenges. This paper details the preconditions to learn, which assembly configurations fulfill the requirements of existing, further and future products. Therefore the developed method uses degrees of freedom in the assembly order

Predicting Surgery Targets in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy through Structural Connectome Based Simulations

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a prevalent neurological disorder resulting in disruptive seizures. In the case of drug resistant epilepsy resective surgery is often considered. This is a procedure hampered by unpredictable success rates, with many patients continuing to have seizures even after surgery. In this study we apply a computational model of epilepsy to patient specific structural connectivity derived from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of 22 individuals with left TLE and 39 healthy controls. We validate the model by examining patient-control differences in simulated seizure onset time and network location. We then investigate the potential of the model for surgery prediction by performing in silico surgical resections, removing nodes from patient networks and comparing seizure likelihood post-surgery to pre-surgery simulations. We find that, first, patients tend to transit from non-epileptic to epileptic states more often than controls in the model. Second, regions in the left hemisphere (particularly within temporal and subcortical regions) that are known to be involved in TLE are the most frequent starting points for seizures in patients in the model. In addition, our analysis also implicates regions in the contralateral and frontal locations which may play a role in seizure spreading or surgery resistance. Finally, the model predicts that patient-specific surgery (resection areas chosen on an individual, model-prompted, basis and not following a predefined procedure) may lead to better outcomes than the currently used routine clinical procedure. Taken together this work provides a first step towards patient specific computational modelling of epilepsy surgery in order to inform treatment strategies in individuals

Comparing costs for different conservation strategies of garlic (Allium sativum L.) germplasm in genebanks

The maintenance of plant genetic resources in living plant collections (genebanks) causes costs due to employment of staff, usage of buildings, equipment and consumables. Since this is especially challenging in vegetatively propagated material, studies were performed for the case of garlic, which is one of the major vegetatively maintained crops in the genebank of IPK Gatersleben. Data were recorded to compare various scenarios of the main strategies field maintenance and cryopreservation. A spreadsheet tool was developed to be used for cost assessment and for drawing conclusions concerning the most effective way of maintenance. Field culture is cheaper in the short term, whereas after a break-even point cryopreservation becomes the more efficient storage method in the long term. This break-even point depends on the particular scenario, which is determined by various factors such as field and in vitro multiplication rates of various genotypes, presence of bulbils in a part of the genepool, the sample size of the accessions as well as the number of stored accessions in cryopreservation. The comparative discussion is exemplified for a 1-year field rotation versus cryopreservation using either in vitro plantlets or a combination of bulbils and unripe inflorescence bases as organ sources. For the more expensive use of in vitro plants cryopreservation becomes less costly than field culture only after 13 years, whereas this is the case already after 8-9 years when using a combination of bulbils in winter and inflorescence bases in summer

Технологические решения для строительства разведочной вертикальной скважины глубиной 2420 метров на газовом месторождении (Красноярский край)

Объектом ВКР служит разведочная вертикальная скважина глубиной 2420 метров на нефтяном месторождении. Целью данной работы является – спроектировать технологическое решения для бурения вертикальной разведочной скважины глубиной 2420 метров на нефтяном месторождении. Целью данной работы является – спроектировать технологическое решения для бурения вертикальной разведочной скважины глубиной 2420 метров на нефтяном месторождении. Для достижения поставленной цели были поставлены следующие задачи: 1.Спроектировать конструкцию скважины. 2.Спроектировать процессы углубления скважины. 3.Спроектировать процессы заканчивания скважинAn exploration vertical well with a depth of 2,420 meters in an oil field serves as the WRC target. The aim of this work is to design a technological solution for drilling a vertical exploration well with a depth of 2420 meters in an oil field. The object of the WRC is an exploration vertical well with a depth of 2420 meters in an oil field. The purpose of this work is to design a technological solution for drilling a vertical exploration well with a depth of 2420 meters in an oil field. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set: 1. Design the well structure. 2. Design the well deepening processes. 3. Design well completion processes