Avaliação das ações de planejamento em saúde empreendidas por equipes de saúde da família Evaluation of health planning activities by family health teams

Ações de planejamento em saúde adaptadas ao contexto local são fundamentais no cotidiano da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF). Este trabalho visa avaliar as práticas de planejamento empreendidas pelas equipes de saúde da família do Espírito Santo, Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico com análise dos dados secundários de 241 equipes de saúde de 46 municípios deste estado que utilizam a Avaliação para Melhoria da Qualidade da Estratégia Saúde da Família (AMQ-ESF). Foram estabelecidos critérios de avaliação das respostas dos profissionais de saúde aos padrões de qualidade dos instrumentos do AMQ-ESF e elencados os indicadores que versam sobre planejamento em saúde. As respostas foram estratificadas por porte populacional do município, tempo de implantação e cobertura populacional da ESF. Encontraram-se no geral baixas médias de adequação dos processos de trabalho das equipes aos padrões de qualidade do AMQ, sendo que não houve influência das variáveis de estratificação nas práticas de planejamento local. Ações específicas neste campo são necessárias para a qualificação do trabalho da ESF.<br>Evaluation of health planning activities adapted to the local context is an essential part of daily work in the Family Health Strategy (FHS). This study aimed to evaluate the planning activities conducted by family health teams in Espírito Santo State, Brazil. This was an ecological study based on secondary data from 241 health teams in 46 municipalities (counties) in the State that use the Evaluation for Quality Improvement in the Family Health Strategy (AMQ-ESF) form. Criteria were set for evaluating the responses by health professionals to the quality standards in the AMQ-ESF forms, and health planning indicators were listed. The responses were stratified according to the municipality's population size and time since implementation of the FHS and population coverage. The study mostly showed low adequacy rates in the teams' work processes in relation to the AMQ quality standards, and stratification of the variables had no influence on the local planning practices. Specific measures are needed to upgrade the work processes in the FHS

White matter microstructure pathology in classic galactosemia revealed by neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging.

White matter abnormalities have been observed in patients with classic galactosemia, an inborn error of galactose metabolism. However, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data collected in the past were generally qualitative in nature. Our objective was to investigate white matter microstructure pathology and examine correlations with outcome and behaviour in this disease, by using multi-shell diffusion weighted imaging. In addition to standard diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) was used to estimate density and orientation dispersion of neurites in a group of eight patients (aged 16-21 years) and eight healthy controls (aged 15-20 years). Extensive white matter abnormalities were found: neurite density index (NDI) was lower in the patient group in bilateral anterior areas, and orientation dispersion index (ODI) was increased mainly in the left hemisphere. These specific regional profiles are in agreement with the cognitive profile observed in galactosemia, showing higher order cognitive impairments, and language and motor impairments, respectively. Less favourable white matter properties correlated positively with age and age at onset of diet, and negatively with behavioural outcome (e.g. visual working memory). To conclude, this study provides evidence of white matter pathology regarding density and dispersion of neurites in these patients. The results are discussed in light of suggested pathophysiological mechanisms