Proportion (%) of seropositive subjects with low, moderate and high levels of neutralizing antibody titres against (A) CV-A6, (B) CV-A16 and (C) EV-A71 by age group, Singapore, 2008–2010.

<p>The vertical lines indicate 95% confidence intervals.</p

Monthly HFMD incidence and predominant circulating enteroviruses associated with peaks in HFMD cases, Singapore, 2005–2013.

<p>Monthly HFMD incidence and predominant circulating enteroviruses associated with peaks in HFMD cases, Singapore, 2005–2013.</p

Proportion (%) of subjects with neutralizing antibodies against any one, two or all three enteroviruses, CV-A6, CV-A16 and EV-A71, and those with no immunity (seronegative for all three enteroviruses) by age group, Singapore, 2008–2010.

<p>The vertical lines indicate 95% confidence intervals. A subject was defined as immune if NtAb titre was ≥1:8.</p

Proportion (%) seropositive for CV-A6, CV-A16 and EV-A71 among 700 subjects aged 1–17 years, Singapore, 2008–2010.

<p>Proportion (%) seropositive for CV-A6, CV-A16 and EV-A71 among 700 subjects aged 1–17 years, Singapore, 2008–2010.</p

Additional epidemic periods in Singapore, with corresponding excess deaths and positive influenza isolates, 1972 to 2000*.

<p>*Areas shaded in grey correspond to official reports of influenza epidemics during the time period.</p

Dengue serotype distribution in Singapore from 2001 to 2009.

<p>Dengue serotype distribution in Singapore from 2001 to 2009.</p

Ten most severe recorded influenza epidemic seasons in Singapore from 1972 to 2000 and selected countries with similar epidemics during the period, in comparison with selected influenza pandemics and epidemics.

<p>Ten most severe recorded influenza epidemic seasons in Singapore from 1972 to 2000 and selected countries with similar epidemics during the period, in comparison with selected influenza pandemics and epidemics.</p

QAIC based on best lag number for each weather predictor considering DLNM.

<p>QAIC based on best lag number for each weather predictor considering DLNM.</p

Weekly counts of dengue cases from 2001–2009.

<p>A: Observed dengue cases and number of fitted dengue cases estimated by the AH term in the DLNM model; B: observed dengue cases and number of fitted dengue cases estimated by the MeanT term.</p

Periods of significant excess deaths in tropical Singapore*.

<p>Panel A–Excess deaths compared to overall deaths, 1950 to 2000. Panel B–Excess deaths compared to positive influenza positive, 1972 to 2000. *Significant excess mortality which occurred over 2 contiguous months (August to September 1951, June to July 1989, and December 1992 to January 1993) was summed to allow for comparisons of overall epidemic magnitude.</p