Phonon Anomalies Induced by Superconductivity

We calculate the electronic polarizability in the superconducting state near extremum vectors ${\vec Q}_0$ of the Fermi surface. A pole appears in the polarizability at frequencies $\omega$ near the superconducting gap $2\Delta$ which leads to a sharp peak at $\omega$ just below $2 \Delta$ in the lattice vibrations near ${\vec Q}_0$. A second order transition to a charge density wave state below the superconducting transition is shown to be unlikely. The results are compared with the recent inelastic neutron scattering measurements in compounds, $ANi_2B_2C$, $A=Y$ or $Lu$.Comment: 11 pages, RevTex, 3 Postscript figures. Corrections and significant additions in revisio

Export Variety and Country Productivity

This paper provides evidence on monopolistic competition models with endogenous technology by studying the effects of sectoral export variety on country productivity. The effects are estimated in a translog GDP function system based on data for 34 countries from 1982 to 1997. Country productivity is constructed and export variety is shown to be significant. Instruments such as tariffs, transport costs, and distance are shown to affect country productivity through export variety, and only through this channel. Overall, while export variety accounts for only 2% of cross-country productivity differences, it explains 13% of within-country productivity growth. A 10% increase in the export variety of all industries leads to a 1.3% increase in country productivity, while a 10 percentage point increase in tariffs facing an exporting country leads to a 2% fall in country productivity.

IS A BEEF DEFICIENCY PAYMENT PARETO-SUPERIOR IN SOUTH KOREA?

South Korea uses a quota and a tariff on beef imports to keep farm prices high. Part of the quota rents are used to support indirect benefits to producers. The welfare costs of these policies are analyzed. Following a suggestion of Hayami, a deficiency payment financed by tariff revenues from increased imports is considered as an alternative to the quota. As Anderson (1983) found for Japan, a deficiency payment is Pareto-superior only if indirect benefits from the quota revenue are ignored.International Relations/Trade,

A model on knowledge and endogenous growth

The authors present a model of endogenous growth in which the main engine of economic development is knowledge. Using a two-sector closed economy model that comprises of a conventional goods-producing sector and a research and development sector, their model incorporates two key aspects of knowledge: technology and human capital. Steady-state equilibrium conditions show that the growth rate of per capita income hinges on the growth rate of human capital. While the growth rate of human capital has been previously shown to affect the growth of the economy in transition between steady states or balanced growth paths, the authors are the first to link the growth rate of human capital to the steady-state growth rate of productivity and output per worker. Furthermore, this result does not exhibit scale effects or policy invariance, both of which have been longstanding concerns with the predictions of endogenous growth models developed in the 1990s.Economic Growth,Achieving Shared Growth,Economic Theory&Research,Governance Indicators,Health Monitoring&Evaluation

Analysis of nitrogen tetroxide samples Final report

Chemical analysis of nitrogen tetroxide trace impuritie

Medieval Methods: Guido D’Arezzo’s Innovative Approaches to Music Education

Music education has been influenced by many people throughout history, but arguably none of them have done so as much as the monk, Guido D’Arezzo. His teaching methods have been embraced and developed by music educators throughout the centuries. For example, it is recorded that Guido was the first to use the five-line staff as we use it today. This was especially groundbreaking in a world of rote memorization. Today it is used globally in music education. The roots of solfege are also found in Guido’s writings; his syllables have been adapted by Zoltan Kodály. Not only that, but John Curwen’s hand signs are derivative of the so-called Guidonian Hand. Guido’s writings also provide ideas on including composition in teaching music. These ideas have been adapted by John Feierabend, a proponent of improvisation in the music classroom. Therefore, many of our modern practices can be traced back to the roots of Guido’s ingenuity

Frequency stabilization for mobile satellite terminals via LORAN

Digital satellite communication systems require careful management of frequency stability. Historically, frequency stability has been accomplished by continuously powered, high cost, high performance reference oscillators. Today's low cost mobile satellite communication equipment must operate under wide ranging environmental conditions, stabilize quickly after application of power, and provide adequate performance margin to overcome RF link impairments unique to the land mobile environment. Methods for frequency stabilization in land mobile applications must meet these objectives without incurring excessive performance degradation. A frequency stabilization scheme utilizing the LORAN (Long Range Navigation) system is presented

Articulating the composite city: the case of Hong Kong

Symposium Theme: Composite CitiesHong Kong, with its dense verticality, public-private function mixes, and cultural mix of East and West, has long been the world model of hybrid metropolitan development. But how is this hybrid condition currently working out? In Hybrid Hong Kong Stephen Yiu-wai Chu argues that the efforts to brand Hong Kong as ‘Asia’s world city’ have led to the loss of Hong Kong’s unique hybridity, which is being replaced by a Central Business District identity in which there is little or no place for vernacular and creative cultures. This paper explores how urban planners in Hong Kong are fighting this tendency, which can also be recognized in other world capitals, using a unique hybrid model which exemplifies top-down bureaucracy meeting bottom-up initiatives to create an urban transaction between government interventions and urban entrepreneurship to foster a composite city. © EURAU2014published_or_final_versio