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Sugar-Functional Vinyl Addition Poly(norbornene)–Photopatternable Poly(norbornenyl gluconamide) Compositions Developed with Water
The norbornenyl gluconamide (NBGA)
monomer can be polymerized by
a number of palladium catalysts to give water-soluble, vinyl addition
poly(NBGA). Depending on the catalyst used, the reaction conditions,
and the chain-transfer additives employed, high-molecular-weight polymers
can be obtained. These polymers can be thermally cross-linked at ca.
190 °C or at ca. 150 °C when the difunctional glutaraldehyde
is added. A photopatternable composition is formed by the addition
of a water-soluble diazide when the poly(NBGA) molecular weight is
sufficiently high. After image-wise exposure, negative-tone patterns
are revealed by water development. A detailed analysis of NBGA monomer
structures by high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance techniques
including pure shift is reported showing that two diastereomers of
each endo- and exo-isomer are formed from the reaction of norbornene
methylamine and δ-gluconolactone