Triacylated Anthocyanidin 3-Arabinosylglucoside-7,3’-diglucosides Isolated from the Bluish Flowers of Tradescantia virginiana Cultivars and Their Distribution in the Tradescantieae

Two triacylated anthocyanidin 3-arabinosylglucoside-7,3’-diglucosides were isolated from the purple-violet - violet-blue flowers of Tradescantia virginiana cultivars. The structures were determined to be 3-O-[6-O-(2-O-(trans-caffeoyl)-α-arabinofuranosyl)-β-glucopyranoside]-7,3’-O-di-[6-O-(trans-caffeoyl)-β-glucopyranoside]s of delphinidin and cyanidin. The former is a new anthocyanin in plants, whereas the latter, a rare anthocyanin has been recognized to be present in Zebrina pendula. Both anthocyanins exhibited typical three λmax in the visible region at 537, 574 and 620 nm for the delphinidin glycoside and at 510, 545 and 580 nm for the cyanidin glycoside in a 5.6 pH solution. These spectroscopic characteristics might be responsible for forming the intramolecular co-pigmentation between anthocyanidin and caffeic acid residues in these pigments. By HPLC analysis of nine species of the tribe Tradescantieae it was revealed that polyacylated anthocyanidin 3-arabinosylglucoside-7,3’-diglucosides were commonly found in all these plants as their major anthocyanins

Inhibitory/Suppressive Oligodeoxynucleotide Nanocapsules as Simple Oral Delivery Devices for Preventing Atopic Dermatitis in Mice

Here, we report a simple and low-cost oral oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) delivery system targeted to the gut Peyer's patches (PPs). This system requires only Dulbecco's modified eagle's medium, calcium chloride, ODNs, and basic laboratory equipment. ODN nanocapsules (ODNcaps) were directly delivered to the PPs through oral administration and were taken up by macrophages in the PPs, where they induced an immune response. Long-term continuous oral dosing with inhibitory/suppressive ODNcaps (iODNcaps, “iSG3caps” in this study) was evaluated using an atopic dermatitis mouse model to visually monitor disease course. Administration of iSG3caps improved skin lesions and decreased epidermal thickness. Underlying this effect is the ability of iSG3 to bind to and prevent phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 6, thereby blocking the interleukin-4 signaling cascade mediated by binding of allergens to type 2 helper T cells. The results of our iSG3cap oral delivery experiments suggest that iSG3 may be useful for treating allergic diseases