Transcardiac troponin release before and after the ACh test.

<p>There was a significant increase in transcardiac troponin release after the ACh provocation test in 17 patients with coronary spasms (p<0.01 for the comparison with baseline) but not in 16 patients without spasms (p = 0.73).</p

Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses of possible factors associated for higher basal transcardiac troponin release (above median: 1.1 pg/mL).

<p>eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate, LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction, LVH: left ventricular hypertrophy.</p

Transcardiac troponin release of patients with positive or negative ACh tests.

<p>Data are the median (25th–75th percentiles) or number (percentage).</p>*<p>p<0.01 for the comparison with baseline.</p>†<p>p = 0.73 for the comparison with baseline.</p

Characteristics of patients who underwent the ACh test.

<p>Data are the mean (standard deviation) or number (percentage).</p>*<p>Median and 25th–75th percentiles. LDL: low-density lipoprotein, HDL: high-density lipoprotein, eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate, ACE: angiotensin converting enzyme, ARB: angiotensin II receptor blocker.</p

Levels of troponin T in the aortic root, coronary sinus, and peripheral vein.

<p>(A) The serum troponin T levels in the aortic root and coronary sinus and the distribution of transcardiac troponin release in patients in stable physical states. There was a significant increase in the troponin T in the coronary sinus compared to the aortic root in 91.4% of patients. The difference in the troponin T level between the coronary sinus and the aortic-root level was 1.1 (0.4, 2.1) pg/mL, which reflects basal transcardiac troponin release. (B) The correlation between transcardiac troponin release and troponin T in peripheral veins. Each variable is log-transformed. Transcardiac troponin release was positively correlated with peripheral-vein levels (r = 0.22, p = 0.03).</p

MOESM2 of Rationale and design of a multicenter placebo-controlled double-blind randomized trial to evaluate the effect of empagliflozin on endothelial function: the EMBLEM trial

Additional file 2. AESI definitions

MOESM1 of Rationale and design of a multicenter placebo-controlled double-blind randomized trial to evaluate the effect of empagliflozin on endothelial function: the EMBLEM trial

Additional file 1. Blood examination