A high-fat diet aggravates tubulointerstitial but not glomerular lesions in obese Zucker rats

A high-fat diet aggravates tubulointerstitial but not glomerular lesions in obese Zucker ratsBackgroundDespite a large body of evidence that manipulation of dietary fat alters glomerular lesions, reports regarding the effects of dietary fat on tubulointerstitial lesions are limited. Obese Zucker rats (OZR) spontaneously develop glomerular and tubulointerstitial lesions in association with hyperlipidemia. We sought to elucidate the effects of dietary fat on glomerular and tubulointerstitial lesions in OZR versus lean Zucker rats (LZR) and to assess the involvement of macrophages in the development of these lesions.MethodsWe fed LZR and OZR either a low- (1%) or high-fat (20%) diet. After 30 weeks of the specified diet, the creatinine clearance (CCr) and renal histology as well as plasma lipid concentrations were examined. For morphological evaluation, glomerular sclerosis (GSI) and tubulointerstitial indices (TII) were each determined by a point-counting method. Infiltrating macrophages were stained immunohistochemically using an avidin-biotin complex technique.ResultsThe high-fat diet increased the plasma low-density lipoprotein concentration in OZR. Both low- and high-fat OZR groups had higher GSI and TII than LZR receiving either diet. The high-fat diet aggravated TII but not GSI or CCr in OZR; conversely, high fat intake worsened GSI and CCr but not TII in LZR. Tubulointerstitial macrophages were most prominent in the high-fat OZR group, followed by the low-fat OZR group. Glomerular macrophages were similar in number in all groups.ConclusionsThe manipulation of dietary fat has diverse effects on the kidney. A high-fat diet aggravated macrophage-mediated tubulointerstitial lesions in OZR, whereas in LZR, the diet induced glomerulosclerosis

Counter-Hegemonic Discourse on the Experience of Disability: Retrieving the Voices of Female Students with Disabilities Who are Involved in the Juvenile Justice System

This study challenged the traditional conception of disability as an individual problem and problematized the invisibility of young females with disabilities in the juvenile justice system in educational research. The purpose of this study was to contextualize the experience of disability and its intersectionality with race, gender, and social class. In doing so, the study aimed to elucidate a range of challenges that young females with disabilities must handle in and outside schools. The selected method was a qualitative mode of inquiry. The participants were comprised of ten females between 12 and 17 years of age. Multiple methodologies were utilized to give participants voices, prioritize their perspectives, and make their everyday struggles visible in educational scholarship. The study demonstrated that the experience of disability is a complex social phenomenon. It was revealed that the deep-seated cultural assumptions and images of disability permeated school practices and continued to subjugate young females with disabilities. When disability intersected with race, gender, and social class, the overlapping effects of multiple marginalities produced greater barriers for young females with multiple margins to obtaining equal educational opportunities. This study recognized the need to redefine disability in order to transform educational practices and empower young females at multiple margins

Observation of stacking faults and photoluminescence of laurate ion intercalated Zn/Al layered double hydroxide

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