Bicyclization Involving Pseudo-Intramolecular Imination with Diamines

α-Nitro-δ-keto nitriles and α-nitro-δ-keto ester were readily converted to diazabicyclo compounds having vicinal functionality upon treatment with diamines. The keto nitrile attracts the diamine nearby to an acidic hydrogen to cause the pseudo-intramolecular imination which proceeds efficiently without any catalyst at room temperature

〔研究ノート〕岡本太郎の方法論に関する社会学的一考察 ホットな弁証法による Breakthrough

　　Taro Okamotos achievements in abstract and avant-garde painting and sculpture, together with his writings and performances, have recently been re-evaluated in Japan. This study note traces his career, introduces his artistic thoughts, and points out that his methodology is based on his own dialectic. He went to Paris when he was 18 and stayed there for 10 years in the 1930s, was associated with many prominent artists and scholars, and studied what was at the time the most advanced philosophy, sociology, and ethnography. He learned that he could create art using a dialectic which, the author concludes, is not only cool and instrumental but also hot and expressive. Sociologically his hot dialectic seems congruous with the desire of people today to overcome difficulties

1970年代以降の日本社会（5） ―社会的事例を中心に―

Abstract　　The purpose of this paper is to examine sociologically the society of Japan since the 1970s. Inspired by Zygmunt Bauman’s characterization of what he called “liquid modernity,” the author describes the post-70s era as being in the 2nd Stage of Modernity. The features of the era among advanced nations are thought to be individualization, diversification, and higher value-added industries.　　Using as his source materials newspaper articles and advertisements from the 70s and 80s the author attempted to determine whether these features characterized the era. The pages of the Asahi, Mainichi and Yomiuri newspapers provided evidence of these features, and also of another phenomenon: a sort of contradiction between what people were thought to want and what they actually welcomed. One example is the phenomenon of family stability being acquired in the absence of a family member who works apart from the family. Another example is children becoming less interested in the sweets they were thought to desire than the “free” toys included with those sweets. Thus, mass decomposition happened（as can be seen in coinages such as bunshu or shoshu）. Also, nuclear fission families increased, and higher value-added products became more common. The author concludes that the 70s and 80s were the dawn of Japanese people’s diversification and also the time when feeling displaced reason as the source of behavioral standards

Reactive 2-Quinolones Dearomatized by Steric Repulsion between 1-Methyl and 8-Substited Groups

Usual 1-methyl-2-quinolone (MeQone) derivatives are not reactive because of aromatic property in the heterocyclic ring. On the other hand, 8-substituted MeQones have been proved to be highly reactive, which is caused by steric repulsion between the 1-methyl and the 8-substituted groups. When 1-methyl-3,6,8-trinitro-2-quinolone was treated with potassium (or trimethylsilyl) cyanide, cyanation proceeded at the 4-position regioselectively as a result of cine-substitution. This reaction is initiated with addition of cyanide species, and the cyanoquinolone is formed by the protonation of the resultant anionic intermediate followed by elimination of nitrous acid. The high reactivity was maintained even when one of the nitro groups on the benzene moiety was replaced by a methyl group, which afforded corresponding cine-substituted products upon treatment with potassium cyanide

One-step synthesis of differently bis-functionalized isoxazoles by cycloaddition of carbamoylnitrile oxide with β-keto esters

A new protocol for synthesizing different functionalized isoxazoles is provided. Carbamoylnitrile oxide generated from nitroisoxazolone underwent inverse electron-demand 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition with 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds in the presence of magnesium acetate that formed magnesium enolatein situ. Although electron-deficient trifluoroacetoacetate did not undergo this cycloaddition under the same conditions, conversion to sodium enolate furnish the corresponding bis-functionalized trifluoromethylisoxazole. The DFT calculations using B3LYP 6-31G+(d,p) also supported the aforementioned reactivity