Piezoelectric effects on bone modeling for enhanced sustainability

© 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)Bone tissue possesses piezoelectric properties, allowing mechanical forces to be converted into electrical potentials. Piezoelectricity has been demonstrated to play a crucial role in bone remodelling and adaptability. Bone remodelling models that consider strain adaptation, both with and without piezoelectric effects, were simulated and validated in this study. This simulation help to better comprehend the interplay between mechanical and electrical stimulations during these processes. This study aimed to optimise the modelling of piezoelectric effects in bone modelling analysis. The connection between mechanical loads applied to bones and the resulting electrical charges generated by the piezoelectric effect was examined. Furthermore, mathematical modelling and simulation techniques were employed to enhance the piezoelectric effect and promote bone tissue growth and repair. The findings from this research have substantial implications for developing novel therapies for bone-related diseases and injuries. It was observed that electrically stimulated bone surfaces increased bone deposition. In some instances of physical disability or osteoporosis, therapeutic electrical stimulation can supplement the mechanical stresses of regular exercise to prevent bone loss. Consequently, the bone remodelling method on the software platform enables easy application and repetition of finite element analysis. This study significantly benefits bone tissue/biomedical engineering, particularly in bone remodelling, healing, and repair.Peer reviewe

Shape memory polymer review for flexible artificial intelligence materials of biomedical

The self-healing and biocompatibility of polymer composites for biomedicine have made them a preferred approach for small-scale tissue engineering elements. By moving from static to dynamic pressure, 4D printing simulates the natural physical-mechanical changes of living tissue over time. A promising new platform with excellent controllability actuation is required to enhance the significance of 4D printing for biological applications. This study systematically analyses current 4D printing technologies for the flexible fabrication of artificial intelligence (AIM) materials. In addition, many potential applications of flexible 4D printing in composite biological engineering are thoroughly investigated. We found that knowledge about this new category of flexible AIM composites is relatively limited, and the potential for practical applications has not yet been demonstrated. Finally, we discuss the problems and limitations of flexible 4D printing technology, AIM, and future approaches and applications.</p

Design, simulation and implementation of a PID vector control for EHVPMSM for an automobile with hybrid technology

This work proposes a Model design simulation and implementation of a novel engine of an Electric Hybrid Vehicle of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (EHVPMSM) based on field oriented vector control. The experimental analysis was carried out using: automotive motor control MTRCKTSPS5604P, 3-Phase PMSM coded of a single Motor Control Kit with MPC5604P MCU and simulation with Simulink. Therefore, the direct torque control can be obtained by adjusting the magnitude and phase angle of the stator flux linkage to match the vector torque required by the load as fast as possible. This eradicates the stress of charging the vehicle battery. It automatically charges when it is connected to the main supply of the EHVPMSM. The electromagnetic torque can be increased from 0 Nm to 6.7 Nm in approximately 340 μs. The response of speed transient was from −2100 rpm to +2100 rpm in 100 ms of 6.7 Nm torque limit. This is a novel way of conserving the energy consumption in a vehicle, which conserves space and weight and minimizes cost as it is simply done with low-cost materials. In this research, a new mathematical model is proposed for the direct and quadrature axis of the current to control the speed mechanism for the engine. Computer simulation ensures experimental validation of the system with a percentage error of 4.5%. The methodology employed to control the system was with the use of various sensors and software controller, this can be easily implemented in industry and institutional laboratory of learning. Keywords: Permanent magnet machines, PID, EHVPMSM, Vector control, Hybrid vehicl

Leveraging Modelling and Simulation to address Manufacturing Challenges

The diverse range of simulation and modelling (s&m) encompasses all aspects of the society, military, and economy particularly the major fields of endeavour that are germane to national development and national security, for example, health care, aviation, information technology, manufacturing, transportation, education, and agriculture. nonlinearity, uncertainty, and high complexity of the research objectivity are collective feature fields. as digital technologies are transforming manufacturing, ranging from product design, planning, and scheduling, to life cycle assessment of the products. emerging technologies have remarkably increased the impact of modelling and simulation. the manufacturing industry has started to incorporate enhanced methodologies toward the interdependent systems that aid accurate decision making and actual depiction of the digital world entities. modelling and simulation have demonstrated unique and cutting‐edge advantages in the field of manufacturing. in this paper, we critically examined works of literature on the simulation and modelling of manufacturing systems, areas of application in the manufacturing industry, and challenges associated with modelling and simulation

Green Supply Chain Management: Impacts, Challenges, Opportunities, and Future Perspectives

in the last decades, tackling human‐induced environmental challenges has been a foremost global concern for firms to earn competitiveness. green integration emphasizes firm allegiance to the sustainability of the environment since a large percentage of the manufacturers mostly source and procure materials from other firms. Businesses need to have a sustainable business model due to the demands of sustainability in the supply of natural resources, price increase, political and environmental restraints within the supply chain system. in this study, we have critically examined numerous pieces of kinds of literature on green supply chain management practices. we investigated its definition, evolution, and components, key performance index, various challenges militating against its successful implementation and opportunities, and the future perspectives of green supply chain management practices

Importance of hybrid organic carburizers on the Mechanical properties of mild steel: A Review

the use of hybrid organic carburizers has gained significant attention in recent years due to their potential to enhance the mechanical properties of mild steel. this paper reviewed the effect of hybrid organic carburizers on the mechanical properties of mild steel. the study of carburization and the various techniques that can be applied to the spur gear are also evaluated in this paper. the spur gear properties, such as ductility, strength, and hardness, are critically discussed with respect to the effect of the carburization process. upon review of previous work, it was highlighted that the carburization process leads to the formation of a hardened layer on the surface of the steel, which enhances its mechanical properties. the optimal conditions for carburization were discussed in those papers, and it was found that the carburization time and temperature significantly affect the mechanical properties of the mild steel. these findings suggest that using hybrid organic carburizers can be an effective method for improving the mechanical properties of mild steel and may have potential applications in a wide range of industries, including construction, automotive, and manufacturing. the study provides insights into the mechanisms underlying the effect of hybrid organic carburizers on mild steel and lays the foundation for further research in this field

Integrin‐Targeted, Short Interfering RNA Nanocomplexes for Neuroblastoma Tumor‐Specific Delivery Achieve MYCN Silencing with Improved Survival

The authors aim to develop siRNA therapeutics for cancer that can be administered systemically to target tumors and retard their growth. The efficacy of systemic delivery of siRNA to tumors with nanoparticles based on lipids or polymers is often compromised by their rapid clearance from the circulation by the liver. Here, multifunctional cationic and anionic siRNA nanoparticle formulations are described, termed receptor‐targeted nanocomplexes (RTNs), that comprise peptides for siRNA packaging into nanoparticles and receptor‐mediated cell uptake, together with lipids that confer nanoparticles with stealth properties to enhance stability in the circulation, and fusogenic properties to enhance endosomal release within the cell. Intravenous administration of RTNs in mice leads to predominant accumulation in xenograft tumors, with very little detected in the liver, lung, or spleen. Although non‐targeted RTNs also enter the tumor, cell uptake appears to be RGD peptide‐dependent indicating integrin‐mediated uptake. RTNs with siRNA against MYCN (a member of the Myc family of transcription factors) in mice with MYCN‐amplified neuroblastoma tumors show significant retardation of xenograft tumor growth and enhanced survival. This study shows that RTN formulations can achieve specific tumor‐targeting, with minimal clearance by the liver and so enable delivery of tumor‐targeted siRNA therapeutics