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«çã®å¢æ®ã®ã¿ãªãã浞最ã転移ãæå¶ããŠããããŸããè¡ç®¡æ°çé»å®³å€(TNP-470)ãæ¬ã¢ãã«ã«åæ§ã«äœ¿çšããå¢æ®ã浞最ãªãã³ã«è»¢ç§»æå¶å¹æã®æç¡ã«ã€ããŠãæ€èšãè¡ã£ãããã®çµæã§ã¯ãå¢æ®ã浞最ã転移ã«ããããã®æå¶å¹æãèªããããããŸããç·ç¶èœçŽ°èå¢æ®æå¶å€(ãã©ãã©ã¹ã)ãçšããŠåæ§ã®æ€èšãããçµæã§ããå¢æ®ã浞最ã転移ã«ããããæå¶å¹æãèªãããããããã«ãin vitro浞最ã¢ãã«ãçšããå®éšã§ãããã©ãã©ã¹ãæäžã«ãã浞最æå¶å¹æã芳å¯ããããæ¬å€ã¯ç¹ã«é«åºŠæµžæœ€çã«ãããæ²»çã«å¯Ÿãæçšã§ããçµæã§ãã£ããUsing an orthotopic implantation model in which the invasion and metastasis of oral cancer can be reproduced, we investigated the inhibitory effects of anticancer agents on invasion and metastasis. A highly invasive and metastatic human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line, OSC-19, was implanted into the oral floor of nude mice, and cisplatin or peplomycin was administered to the mice 7 or 14 days after the implantation. The effects of each anticancer drug and different administration timings on cancer invasion and metastasis were investigated. Tumor size and the ratio of proliferating cell nuclear antigen positive cells were significantly reduced. In the control group, the tumors showed grade 4C of mode of invasion, while in the groups treated with anticancer drugs, grade 3 was observed in 77.3% of the mice, with an inhibitory effect on tumor invasion being observed. The rate of metastasis in the cervical lymph node was significantly decreased in the groups treated with the cisplatin or peplomycin on day 7 after the implantation. The tumor stage progression in the metastatic lymph nodes was also inhibited. Chemotherapy is effective not only for tumor diminution, but also for inhibiting invasion and metastasis. The use of anticancer drugs considering these effects may be clinically very useful.ç 究課é¡/é åçªå·:18592216, ç 究æé(幎床):2006-2007åºå
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Eribulin sensitizes oral squamous cell carcinoma cells to cetuximab via induction of mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition
Inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signalling has emerged as a new treatment strategy for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Previously, we found that loss of EGFR expression in OSCC was associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and may have functional implications with regard to resistance to cetuximab, a monoclonal anti-EGFR antibody. Eribulin (a microtubule inhibitor) reportedly renders breast cancer less aggressive, and less likely to metastasise, by triggering mesenchymal-to-epithelial (MET) transition. In the present study we evaluated whether eribulin-induced MET was associated with re-sensitization of resistant OSCC cell lines to cetuximab. In vitro antiproliferative activities were determined in three human OSCC lines (OSC-20, OSC-19 and HOC313) treated with eribulin. These three human OSCC represented different EMT/MET states. Interestingly, HOC313 cells (mesenchymal phenotype) were highly sensitive to eribulin in comparison with other cell lines, and significantly enhanced the anti-proliferative effect of cetuximab in response to the drug. Eribulin also underwent a MET-associated gene switch that resulted in morphological changes and high EGFR expression in HOC313 cells, and abrogated a TGF-β-induced EMT gene expression signature. Eribulin-dependent sensitization of OSCC to cetuximab is likely due to induction of MET. Combination therapies based on eribulin and cetuximab have potential as a novel treatment regimen in OSCC
Regulation of PD-L1 expression in a high-grade invasive human oral squamous cell carcinoma microenvironment
Blockade of the programmed-death 1 receptor (PD-1)/programmed-death ligand (PD-L1) pathway efficiently reduces tumour growth and improves survival. Durable tumour regression with blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint has been demonstrated in recent clinical studies. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is highly immunosuppressive, and PD-L1 expression has been proposed as a potential mechanism responsible for this phenotype. Despite the fact that anti-PD-1 treatment can produce durable responses, such therapy appears to benefit only a subset of patients. Thus, it is important to understand the mechanisms underlying regulation of PD-L1 expression in the OSCC microenvironment. In this study, we showed that PD-L1 expression in high-grade invasive OSCC cell lines was lower than that in a low-grade invasive OSCC line and found a close correlation between PD-L1 expression and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). PD-L1 expression was upregulated in macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) in high-grade invasive human OSCC tissues or co-cultured with mesenchymal-phenotype OSCC cells in vitro. TLR4-inhibitory peptide successfully suppressed PD-L1 upregulation on macrophages and DCs co-cultured with mesenchymal-phenotype OSCC cells, suggesting that some EMT-induced tumour antigen is critical for PD-L1 induction on tumour-associated macrophages and DCs. Further studies are necessary to explore the impact of EMT on the tumour immune microenvironment and to identify potential biomarkers for selecting patients who might preferentially benefit from PD-1/PD-L1 blockade or immunotherapies more broadly
The virulence of mixed infection with Streptococcus constellatus and Fusobacterium nucleatum in a murine orofacial infection model
é沢倧åŠå€§åŠé¢å»åŠç³»ç 究ç§Orofacial infections are usually polymicrobial, and it is the microbial interactions of pathogenic species that cause tissue destruction. In this study, the microbial interaction between Streptococcus constellatus and Fusobacterium nucleatum was characterized using a murine orofacial infection model. A mixture of viable S. constellatus and F. nucleatum cells (both 2 à 108 CFU/mouse) was injected into the submandible; as a result, all of the test mice died. In contrast, none of the experimental animals monoinjected with either S. constellatus or F. nucleatum died (P < 0.001), indicating that the synergism between the two resulted in the virulence. When a mixture of viable S. constellatus cells and a culture filtrate of F. nucleatum was tested, lethality and the bacterial cell count per lesion were significantly enhanced as compared with monoinjections (P < 0.02). However, the virulence of F. nucleatum was not enhanced by infection of a culture filtrate of S. constellatus. The enhancement of virulence was observed even when viable S. constellatus cells and the culture filtrate of F. nucleatum were injected at separate sites. Heat treatment of the culture filtrate of F. nucleatum did not affect the enhancement. These results indicate that a heat-stable substance(s) produced by F. nucleatum contributes to the microbial synergy of S. constellatus and F. nucleatum in orofacial infections
Eribulin sensitizes oral squamous cell carcinoma cells to cetuximab via induction of mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition
Inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signalling has emerged as a new treatment strategy for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Previously, we found that loss of EGFR expression in OSCC was associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and may have functional implications with regard to resistance to cetuximab, a monoclonal anti-EGFR antibody. Eribulin (a microtubule inhibitor) reportedly renders breast cancer less aggressive, and less likely to metastasise, by triggering mesenchymal-to-epithelial (MET) transition. In the present study we evaluated whether eribulin-induced MET was associated with re-sensitization of resistant OSCC cell lines to cetuximab. In vitro antiproliferative activities were determined in three human OSCC lines (OSC-20, OSC-19 and HOC313) treated with eribulin. These three human OSCC represented different EMT/MET states. Interestingly, HOC313 cells (mesenchymal phenotype) were highly sensitive to eribulin in comparison with other cell lines, and significantly enhanced the antiproliferative effect of cetuximab in response to the drug. Eribulin also underwent a MET-associated gene switch that resulted in morphological changes and high EGFR expression in HOC313 cells, and abrogated a TGF-induced EMT gene expression signature. Eribulin-dependent sensitization of OSCC to cetuximab is likely due to induction of MET. Combination therapies based on eribulin and cetuximab have potential as a novel treatment regimen in OSCC.Embargo Period 6 month
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