Development and Use of Career Information : The revision of the Japanese Occupational Outlook Handbook

日本労働研究機構が発行してきた職業ハンドブックは体系的な職業情報である。このたび，全面的な改訂が行われ，コンピュータによるガイダンスシステムをめざした職業ハンドブックCD-ROM検索システムが開発された。筆者は開発メンバーの一員であった。まず，日本における職業情報開発の経緯を述べ，CD-ROM検索システムの新たな特性と情報の内容および検索方法を紹介した。次に122名のユーザーに対して行った試行実験の使用履歴データを用いて，利用法の分析を試みた。最後に，試行実験の結果に基づき，職業指導・進路指導におけるシステムの有効活用について提案するとともに，今後の課題と可能性について述べた。The Japanese Occupational Outlook Handbook which has been developed by the Japan Institute of Labour is a type of systematic and comprehensive career information. Last year, this handbook was revised completely as the CD-ROM Retrieval System for the Japanese Occupational Outlook Handbook, which aimed at becoming one of several computer-assisted career guidance systems. The author was one of the developers at the Japan Institute of Labour. The history of development of career information in Japan and new traits, the contents of career information, and the way of retrieval of the system were introduced. The use records of 122 users were analysed to understand the way they used this system. Based on the results of analysis, a more effective way of using the system for career guidance was proposed and the tasks and possibilities for the system were discussed

Life-patterns in the retirement process : Psychological study on the late career development

「中高年期の仕事と生活に関する調査」の追跡調査（川崎, 2003a）のデータを用いて、引退過程における生活構造やその変化パタンであるライフパタンの規定要因について検討を行った。対象者は57～73歳の男性222名であった。クラスタ分析によって2つのライフパタンを抽出し、判別分析を用いて検討した結果、ライフパタンは学歴や経験職位によって規定されることが示唆された。また､引退過程の早期に「職場・仕事重視型」から「家庭・家族重視型」へと移行するパタンでは、生活全般納得度が高まっており、より適応的であることが示された。Using data from the first and the second cycle of the survey on the late career development conducted by Kawasaki (1998, 2003a), this study examines some factors of changing life-patterns in the retirement process of 222 males aged from 57 to 73. It was found from the result of discriminant analysis that two types of life-patterns extracted by cluster analysis are determined by their school career and work career. At the same time, it was suggested that "family life centered" life-patterns were more adaptive to the change of their life career in the retirement process

Effects of the Japanese Occupational Outlook Handbook for Youth on the Career Indecision of Junior High School Students

日本労働研究機構が開発中の職業ハンドブック（OHBY）はCACGシステムの一種である。大阪府の3つの市立中学校においてOHBYを活用した進路学習を行い､事前事後計画を用いて進路不決断に及ぼすキャリア介入の効果を測定した。対象者は男子137名、女子131名の計268名であった。進路学習の効果は学校によって異なっていたが､進路不決断の3つの下位尺度において効果が認められた。また、生徒の特性による効果の違いも見いだされた。これらの結果を踏まえ、職業指導･進路指導におけるOHBYの有効活用について検討した。This study evaluated the effects of the Japanese Occupational Outlook Handbook for Youth, a kind of computer-assisted career guidance system, on the career indecision of 268 students (137 boys and 131 girls) enrolled in three junior high schools in Osaka. Students used the system in the class corresponding to the purpose of each school. Results indicate significant decrease in three of four sub-scales of career indecision among students in two schools. And it was shown that the effects varied in schools and the traits of students. Effective use in the career guidance of this system was discussed

Effects of Career Information on Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy and Career Indecision Among Undergraduates

職業ハンドブックによる情報検索が大学生のキャリア決定自己効力とキャリア不決断に及ぼす効果を検討した。対象者は178名で，self-helpで情報検索を行う実験群1が40名，カウンセラー支援のもとで情報検索を行う実験群2が17名，検索を行わない統制群が121名であった。キャリア決定自己効力の測定には浦上（1995a）の尺度を用い， キャリア不決断の測定には清水（1989a）をもとに新たに作成した尺度を用いた。キャリア決定自己効力においては効果が認められなかったが，不決断においては3つの下位尺度で部分的に効果がみられた。これらの効果および就職への取り組みの効果について検討した。The present study was planned to clarify the use of the CD-ROM Retrival System for the Japanese Occupational Outlook Handbook to career decision-making self-efficacy and career indecision of undergraduates using the untreated comparison - group design with pretest and posttest. The result of a total of 178 participants were evaluated (40 students in experimental group1 retrieved career information using the system by themselves, 17 students in experimental group2 retrieved career information with a counselor, and 121 students in the control group did not use the system). Before and after these treatments, all of participants were administered a test of the scale of career decision-making self-efficacy (Urakami, 1995a) and a career indecision scale composed of five sub-scales which was developed referring to Shimizu (1989a). Results indicated that the career decision-making self-efficacy score increased significantly, but there were no significant differences by group interaction. With regard to the career indecision scale, in three of five sub-scales scores decreased significantly and there were significant defferences by group interaction. The effects of these as well as that of job-seeking behavior are discussed