Take-or-Pay Contracts for Renewables Deployment

Renewables require support policies to deliver the European 20% target. We discuss the requirements for least cost development and efficient operation and quantify how different schemes (i) allow for the development of a renewable energy technology portfolio; (ii) reduce rent transfers to infra-marginal technologies or better than marginal resource bases; and (iii) minimise regulatory risk and thus capital costs for new projects. Long-term take or pay contracts minimise regulatory uncertainty, create appropriate incentives for location and operation, allow for efficient system operation and seem compatible with European state aid. We discuss how property rights legislation protects existing renewables investors, and thus can ensure ongoing investment during a transition towards the new scheme

A report of 2 cases of the use of the Inari FlowTriever System in the treatment of pulmonary embolism

The FlowTriever System (Inari Medical, Irvine, California) is the first FDA-approved mechanical thrombectomy device used for treatment of pulmonary embolism. This device enables nonsurgical removal of pulmonary blood clots without the use of thrombolytic medication and its associated risks. We report 2 cases of successful application of the Inari FlowTriever in treatment of pulmonary embolism and right atrial thrombus

OCCUPATION IN INCREMENTAL MULTI-HOP NETWORKS

Compare, you know that this does not match the timing pressure, pressure control movement is intended to guarantee limited access to these payments. D-ORCD is the only place to be delayed by these systems, and under a valid road, if speed of writing can get faster with traffic numbers. The best way to control cable controls reduces the transit type and system diversity through the result. EIVIVAR Recommended: If you specify the following development teams for development, E-DUBERS follow frequency tests and frequency. However, the current view of the property to the area is four ways, thanks to the reconstruction of highway. A major problem in the daily newspaper is to provide a great deal of multi-discrimination process, where easy-to-use E-DIVBAR is integrated, integrated information with integrated process and processing process. We allow the confirmation of the verification that can be obtained about the D-ORCD value. In fact, we reflect the D-ORCD capabilities that require a D-ORCD change in a specific way

O significado estratigráfico do Complexo Solenoide no Permiano do Gondwana

The Solenoid Complex comprises a fossil wood assemblage with stratigraphic distribution restricted to the middle-late Kungurian, present in Western (Irati Formation, Paraná Basin, Brazil) and Eastern (Upper Barakar Interval of the Indian basins) Gondwana. Its occurrence seems to be related to the adaptation of certain plant groups to paleoenvironmental stress in lowland niches of coastal areas subject to salinity variation. The disappearance of these forms in the latest Kungurian is probably linked to the cessation of these conditions, which is confirmed by the sedimentary record. The here designated "Solenoid Complex Zone" correlates with the acme in diversification of striate and taeniate patterns especially in bisacatte pollen grains, but also in monosacatte ones, reflecting important tectonically and climatically driven changes in the vegetational pattern. The waning icehouse stage during the Permian was an important factor to the development of similar vegetation patterns in Western and Eastern Gondwana in the latitudinal belt of 40° - 55°.O Complexo Solenoide compreende um conjunto de lenhos fósseis com distribuição estratigráfica restrita ao Kunguriano médio-superior, presente no Gondwana Ocidental (Formação Irati, Bacia do Paraná, Brasil) e Oriental (Intervalo Barakar Superior de bacias da Índia). A sua ocorrência parece estar relacionada à adaptação de determinados grupos vegetais ao estresse paleoambiental em terras baixas de áreas costeiras sujeitas a variações de salinidade. O desaparecimento dessas formas no topo do Kunguriano está provavelmente relacionado à cessação de tais condições, o que é confirmado pelo registro sedimentar. A "Zona do Complexo Solenoide" aqui designada correlaciona-se com o clímax na diversificação de padrões estriados e teniados principalmente em polens bissacados, mas também em monossacados, refletindo importantes modificações no padrão vegetacional relacionadas à evolução climática e a processos tectônicos. O declínio do estágio icehouse durante o Permiano foi um fator importante para o desenvolvimento de padrões florísticos similares no leste e oeste do Gondwana em uma faixa latitudinal entre 40° - 55°

Venographic classification and long-term surgical treatment outcomes for axillary-subclavian vein thrombosis due to venous thoracic outlet syndrome (Paget-Schroetter syndrome)

OBJECTIVE: We assessed the clinical presentation, operative findings, and surgical treatment outcomes for axillary-subclavian vein (AxSCV) thrombosis due to venous thoracic outlet syndrome (VTOS). METHODS: We performed a retrospective, single-center review of 266 patients who had undergone primary surgical treatment of VTOS between 2016 and 2022. The clinical outcomes were compared between the patients in four treatment groups determined by intraoperative venography. RESULTS: Of the 266 patients, 132 were male and 134 were female. All patients had a history of spontaneous arm swelling and idiopathic AxSCV thrombosis, including 25 (9%) with proven pulmonary embolism, at a mean age of 32.1 ± 0.8 years (range, 12-66 years). The timing of clinical presentation was acute (\u3c15 days) for 132 patients (50%), subacute (15-90 days) for 71 (27%), and chronic (\u3e90 days) for 63 patients (24%). Venography with catheter-directed thrombolysis or thrombectomy (CDT) and/or balloon angioplasty had been performed in 188 patients (71%). The median interval between symptom onset and surgery was 78 days. After paraclavicular thoracic outlet decompression and external venolysis, intraoperative venography showed a widely patent AxSCV in 150 patients (56%). However, 26 (10%) had a long chronic AxSCV occlusion with axillary vein inflow insufficient for bypass reconstruction. Patch angioplasty was performed for focal AxSCV stenosis in 55 patients (21%) and bypass graft reconstruction for segmental AxSCV occlusion in 35 (13%). The patients who underwent external venolysis alone (patent or occluded AxSCV; n = 176) had a shorter mean operative time, shorter postoperative length of stay and fewer reoperations and late reinterventions compared with those who underwent AxSCV reconstruction (patch or bypass; n = 90), with no differences in the incidence of overall complications or 30-day readmissions. At a median clinical follow-up of 38.7 months, 246 patients (93%) had no arm swelling, and only 17 (6%) were receiving anticoagulation treatment; 95% of those with a patent AxSCV at the end of surgery were free of arm swelling vs 69% of those with a long chronic AxSCV occlusion (P \u3c .001). The patients who had undergone CDT at the initial diagnosis were 32% less likely to need AxSCV reconstruction at surgery (30% vs 44%; P = .034) and 60% less likely to have arm swelling at follow-up (5% vs 13%; P \u3c .05) vs those who had not undergone CDT. CONCLUSIONS: Paraclavicular decompression, external venolysis, and selective AxSCV reconstruction determined by intraoperative venography findings can provide successful and durable treatment for \u3e90% of all patients with VTOS. Further work is needed to achieve earlier recognition of AxSCV thrombosis, prompt usage of CDT, and even more effective surgical treatment

Floristic similarities of the Artinskian Siderópolis Member macroflora, Rio Bonito formation (Paraná Basin, Brazil) with Cisuralian paleofloras of India

This contribution focuses on the relationship between the Siderópolis Member paleoflora and Indian Gondwanan paleofloras, especially with those of the Cisuralian stages, thus providing additional criteria for the correlation of Western and Eastern Gondwanan coal successions in the lower Permian interval. Despite the large number of species in common with the Karharbari Stage (Sakmarian) flora, the Siderópolis paleoflora exhibits a higher percentage and diversification of the genus Glossopteris, which is less expressive in the Karharbari Stage floras, while the declining Gangamopteris-Noeggerathiopsis complex in Siderópolis Member paleoflora still dominates the associations of Karharbari Stage. However, the floristic composition of the lower level of the Barakar Stage (Artinskian), despite having fewer species in common with the Siderópolis paleoflora, exhibits the characters of the latter vis-à-vis the dominance and diversity of the genus Glossopteris over the Gangamopteris‑Noeggerathiopsis complex, which decreases both in diversity as well as in abundance in the lower Barakar, similar to what occurs in the Brazilian paleoflora. The decline of the icehouse stage and the similar latitudinal position of the Gondwanan regions compared in the present study seem to have acted as important factors to the development of similar vegetation patterns in coal floras from Western (Brazilian) and Eastern (Indian) Gondwana during the Artinskian.Esta contribuição visa à comparação entre a paleoflora do Membro Siderópolis e as paleofloras dos andares cisuralianos das bacias gondvânicas indianas, oferecendo assim critérios adicionais para a correlação das sucessões carvoeira gondvânicas ocidentais e orientais, no intervalo do Permiano inferior. Apesar do grande número de espécies em comum com as floras do Andar Karharbari (Sakmariano), a paleoflora Siderópolis apresenta maior percentagem e diversificação do gênero Glossopteris, menos expressivas nas floras do Andar Karharbari, enquanto o complexo Gangamopteris-Noeggerathiopsis, declinante na paleoflora do Membro Siderópolis, ainda domina nas associações do referido andar indiano. Entretanto, a composição florística do nível inferior do Andar Barakar (Artinskiano), apesar de apresentar menos espécies em comum com a paleoflora Siderópolis, caracteriza-se pelo domínio e diversidade do gênero Glossopteris sobre o complexo Gangamopteris-Noeggerathiopsis, que diminui tanto em diversidade como em abundância no Barakar inferior, semelhante ao que ocorre na paleoflora brasileira aqui estudada. O declínio do estágio icehouse e a posição latitudinal semelhante das regiões gondvânicas aqui comparadas, durante o Artinskiano, teriam atuado como fatores importantes no desenvolvimento de padrões de vegetação similares nas floras geradoras de carvões no Gondwana Ocidental (Brasil) e no Oriental (Índia)

Angiosperms from the Early Cretaceous sediments of India

This study presents the first report of angiosperm macrofossil assemblage from the Early Cretaceous sediments of India, containing a fruit, a spike, a petal, leaves, and an axis from the Krishna Godavari Basin. This assemblage provides clues to angiosperm evolution and ecology during the Early Cretaceous of India. The described enigmatic forms are comparable to fruits of Trapa, and palm leaves and spikes of Potamogeton. The fossil material also includes ribbon-like leaves with a small axis; fossil remains suggest affinity with the monocotyledon group and support recent morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies to establish the divergence of this group from dicotyledons, during the early Cretaceous. Fossils described in the present study suggest an affinity for an aquatic environment that appears to be ideal for some early angiosperms.Este estudo constitui o primeiro relato de assembleia de macrofósseis de angiospermas a partir dos sedimentos cretáceos iniciais da Índia. Os restos fósseis de angiospermas são preservados na forma de frutas, espigas, pétalas, folhas e eixos, que exemplificam a ocorrência explícita na bacia de Krishna Godavari. Essa assembleia fornece pistas sobre a evolução e a ecologia das durante os primeiros tempos do Cretáceo na Índia. As formas enigmáticas descritas são bem comparáveis aos frutos de Trapa, folhas de palmeira, espiga de Potamogeton. O material fóssil também inclui folhas em forma de fita com um pequeno eixo, restos fósseis sugerem afinidade com o grupo das monocotiledôneas, dão crédito aos recentes estudos filogenéticos, morfológicos e moleculares para estabelecer a divergência do grupo em relação às dicotiledôneas, no início do Cretáceo. Os fósseis descritos aqui sugerem uma afinidade por um paleoambiente aquático que parece ser ideal para algumas angiospermas primitivas