TERMINALIA CHEBULA: SUCCESS FROM BOTANY TO ALLOPATHIC AND AYURVEDIC PHARMACY

Terminalia chebula (TC) is a unique herb having various therapeutic potentials as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and digestant. It belongs to family Combretaceae. In the present review, an attempt has been made to decipher classification, chemical constituents, therapeutic uses, and patents that have been reported for TC. Various pharmacological activities of TC that make it as potential medicine and its Ayurvedic formulations are highlighted.Keywords: Terminalia chebula, Anti-oxidant, Anti-cancer, Ayurvedic formulations, Anti-oxidant

A REVIEW ON PHYTOSOMES: NOVEL APPROACH FOR HERBAL PHYTOCHEMICALS

  The poor oral bioavailability of polyphenolic compound can be enhanced through the incorporation of them into phospholipid based self-assembled delivery system, i.e. popularly known as phytosome. Phyto†means plants and some†resembles a covering around/or a structure. Phytosome is generally prepared by reacting one or two moles of polyphenolic phytoconstituents and phospholipid. It may be either in the ratio of 1:1 and 1:2. By using phytosomes, one can also achieve enhanced rate and extent of the passage of lipophilic herbal constituents across lipid membrane that explains its character as a carrier as well as acid labile herbal drugs could also be protected in gastrointestinal tract. There are number of products available in the market that contains phytosomal drug delivery system such as Ginkgo biloba, Silybum marianum, and Camellia sinensis. The present review describes an updated overview of preparation of phytosomes, advancement in phytosomes technology, various herbal drugs for which phytosomes have been used as a carrier, its commercial availability and applications

Comportamiento en fritura del aceite de salvado de arroz, aceite de girasol y mezclas de ambos aceites

Shall be deleted offer some advantages like better nutritional quality, lower cost and greater storage stability than pure oils. Model blends prepared from pure rice bran oil (RBO) and sunflower oil (SFO) were examined for change in their physico-chemical parameters (acid value, iodine value, color value, peroxide value and fatty acids). Repeated deep fat frying processes were carried out using dried potato chips in pure rice bran oil, sunflower oil and their model blends, in order to study the thermal behavior of pure rice bran oil, sunflower oil and their model blends. Pure rice bran oil and sunflower oil showed good thermal stability during the repeated deep fat frying cycles. Although all the blended oils used in the study showed good thermal stability during repeated deep fat frying cycles, model blends consisting of 60%RBO + 40% SFO showed better suitability during repeated deep fat frying than the remaining blended oils.La mezclas de aceites pueden ofrecer algunas ventajas sobre los aceites puros las como mejor calidad nutricional, coste inferior o mayor estabilidad durante el almacenamiento. En este estudio, aceite de salvado de arroz (RBO), aceite de girasol (SFO) y mezclas de ambos, se sometieron al proceso de fritura de patatas y se evaluaron los principales cambios físico-químicos en los aceites puros y en sus mezclas (acidez, índice de yodo, color, índice de peróxidos y composición de ácidos grasos). Aunque todas las muestras mostraron buena estabilidad a elevada temperatura, los mejores resultados se obtuvieron con la mezcla que contenía 60% de RBO y 40% de SFO

Prognostic risk factors for moderate-to-severe exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic literature review

BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. COPD exacerbations are associated with a worsening of lung function, increased disease burden, and mortality, and, therefore, preventing their occurrence is an important goal of COPD management. This review was conducted to identify the evidence base regarding risk factors and predictors of moderate-to-severe exacerbations in patients with COPD. METHODS: A literature review was performed in Embase, MEDLINE, MEDLINE In-Process, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). Searches were conducted from January 2015 to July 2019. Eligible publications were peer-reviewed journal articles, published in English, that reported risk factors or predictors for the occurrence of moderate-to-severe exacerbations in adults age ≥ 40 years with a diagnosis of COPD. RESULTS: The literature review identified 5112 references, of which 113 publications (reporting results for 76 studies) met the eligibility criteria and were included in the review. Among the 76 studies included, 61 were observational and 15 were randomized controlled clinical trials. Exacerbation history was the strongest predictor of future exacerbations, with 34 studies reporting a significant association between history of exacerbations and risk of future moderate or severe exacerbations. Other significant risk factors identified in multiple studies included disease severity or bronchodilator reversibility (39 studies), comorbidities (34 studies), higher symptom burden (17 studies), and higher blood eosinophil count (16 studies). CONCLUSIONS: This systematic literature review identified several demographic and clinical characteristics that predict the future risk of COPD exacerbations. Prior exacerbation history was confirmed as the most important predictor of future exacerbations. These prognostic factors may help clinicians identify patients at high risk of exacerbations, which are a major driver of the global burden of COPD, including morbidity and mortality

SYNTHESIS OF COPPER NANOPARTICLES USING ASCORBIC ACID AND CETYL TRIMETHYL AMMONIUM BROMIDE

Objective: The present study highlights the development of a method to synthesize copper nanoparticles (CuNPs).Methods: CuNPs were developed using 0.01 M copper penta sulfate and 0.11 M of ascorbic acid (AA) and 0.03 M of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide solution. The synthesized CuNPs were differentiated through filtration and washed by water (deionized). CuNPs were kept in dialysis bag 70 KD in a 250 mL glass beaker along with distilled water. The assembly was kept on a magnetic stirrer for 24 h at 500 rpm. Then, the dialysis bag containing CuNPs solution was filtered by a filter assembly with 0.2 μm nylon filter. The filtered CuNPs were spray dried with the help of spray drier.Results: The prepared CuNPs were found to be 440 nm with zeta potential of −10 mV and polydispersity index 0.314.Conclusion: The investigation deciphers the promising and material technique to synthesis of CuNPs by methods for synthetic reduction utilizing strategy using AA (0.2 M) and sodium hydroxide (1 M), and Syloid 244FP

Comparison of psychosocial impact of strabismus on pediatric and adult patients in India

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the psychosocial impact of squint on children with that on adult patients in India. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, a twenty-question quality-of-life instrument ASO-20 was administered to patients with strabismus to study the psychosocial impact of strabismus on them. The results were compiled in an Excel sheet and analyzed statistically. Results: Thirty-two children (5–18 years) and 24 adults (>18 years) were included in the study. It was observed that all the adults responded that they always noticed that they have strabismus as against significantly less (81.25%) number of children who did so. Similarly, 75% of adults responded that strabismus affected their relations with other people, whereas only 37.5% of children felt that strabismus affected their relations with other people. While 95.83% of adults felt that opportunities (social interaction or at work) were fewer because of strabismus, only 37.5% of the children felt so. Similarly, while all the adults responded that they frequently imagined that other people were thinking about their eyes, only half of the children (56.25%) felt so. The difference is statistically significant. Significantly more (83.3%) adults responded that they had more difficulty in making friends because of strabismus, as against this, only one-fourth (25%) of the children felt so. The difference is statistically significant. Both the groups felt that strabismus bothered them, people noticed strabismus while interacting with them and they felt different (inferior) because of strabismus. Although the percentage who felt so was more in adults as compared to children, the difference was not statistically significant. Similarly, more children (75%) said that strabismus never hindered their performance as compared to adults (66.67%), however, the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Strabismus has negative psychosocial effects on the affected individual which intensify with age