Biometry and Intraocular Lens Power Calculation by Combined Scheimpflug-Placido Disc versus Optical Interferometry Devices

Purpose: To compare the results of the current gold standard, laser interferometry, and keratometry by the IOL-Master, with a newly developed Galilei G6 using raytracing software Okulix for intraocular lens (IOL) power calculations. Methods: For comparison of the IOL-power calculation of both devices, we analyzed the difference between the actual one-month postoperative subjective refraction and the theoretically calculated target refraction before cataract surgery. The IOL was selected according to the IOL Master recommendation aiming for emmetropia after surgery. We analyzed the differences of the measurements of the basic biometric data in 205 healthy eyes by each device. Results: Our study included 205 healthy, unoperated eyes from 117 patients (61 women, 56 men) aged 20 to 75 years. Twenty-two eyes of cataract patients were also included in this retrospective study design. The mean difference between the prediction of the postoperative refraction and the refraction actually achieved was 0.03 D for the IOL Master and –0.23 D for the Galilei G6. The difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.059). The difference between the IOL power calculation of the IOL Master and the calculation of the G6 was not statistically significant (P = 0.064). The difference between the predicted refraction of the G6 and the refraction achieved after one month was also not statistically significant (P = 0.12) and neither was the difference between the predicted refraction of the IOL Master and the achieved refraction (P = 0.39). The mean axial length was calculated as 24.21 ± 0.80 mm using the IOL Master and 24.27 ± 0.82 mm using the Galilei G6 device. The mean value regarding anterior chamber depth (ACD) of the IOL master was 3.46 ± 0.23 mm and for the Galilei was G6 3.51 ± 0.25 mm. When comparing the white to white (WTW) values of the IOL master, it showed mean values of 12.32 ± 0.31 and Galilei showed mean values of G6 12.21 ± 0.28. All of these differences (between Galileo and IOL Master measurements) were statistically significant (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Both the laser interferometry/keratometry performed by the IOL Master and the interferometry/raytracing biometry strategy performed by the Galilei G6 demonstrated equal results when executing the IOL power calculation before cataract surgery in eyes with no prior ocular surgery

Safety and Precision of Two Different Flap-morphologies Created During Low Energy Femtosecond Laser-assisted LASIK

Purpose: Currently, two major principles exist to create LASIK flaps: firstly, a strictly horizontal (2D) cut similar to the microkeratome-cut and secondly an angled cut with a “step-like” edge (3D). The strictly horizontal (2D) cut method can be performed using apparatus such as the low-energy FEMTO LDV Z8 laser and its predecessors which are specific to this type. Alternatively, the low-energy FEMTO LDV Z8 laser’s 3D flap design creates an interlocking flap-interface surface which potentially contributes toward flap stability. In addition, the FEMTO LDV Z8 offers flap-position adjustments after docking (before flap-creation). The current study analyzed precision, safety, efficacy, as well as patient self-reported pain and comfort levels after applying two different types of LASIK flap morphologies which were created with a low-energy, high-frequency femtosecond (fs) laser device. Methods: A prospective, interventional, randomized, contralateral eye, single-center comparison study was conducted from November 2019 to March 2020 at the Hamburg vision clinic/ zentrumsehstärke, Hamburg, Germany. Eleven patients and 22 eyes received low-energy fs LASIK treatment for myopia or myopic astigmatism in both eyes. Before the treatment, the eyes were randomized (one eye was treated with the 2D, the other eye with the 3D method). Results: The mean central flap thickness one month after surgery was 110.7 ± 1.6 μm (2D) and 111.2 ± 1.7 μm (3D); P = 0.365 (2D vs 3D). Flap thickness measured at 13 different points resulted in no statistically significant differences between any of the measurement points within/between both groups; demonstrating good planarity of the flap was achieved using both methods. Despite not being statistically significant, the surgeons recognized an increase in the presence of an opaque bubble layer in the 3D flap eyes during surgery and some patients reported higher, yet not statistically significant, pain scores in the 3D flap eyes during the first hours after the treatment. Overall, safety- and efficacy indices were 1.03 and 1.03, respectively. Conclusion: In this prospective, randomized, contralateral eye study, the low-energy fs laser yielded predictable lamellar flap thicknesses and geometry at one-month followup. Based on these results, efficacy and safety of the corresponding laser application, that is, 2D vs 3D, are equivalen

The Grizzly, February 14, 2008

Writer\u27s Strike May See a Silver Lining • Ellison Unveils Art Exhibit in Berman • Relief for Students? College Endowments Skyrocket • Ursinus Designs New Certificate for International Studies • Is Everybody Really Doing It? The Indictment of the Greek Community at Ursinus College Surprises Many • Ursinus Community Shares its Dirty Little Secrets • Focus the Nation and Environmentalism: No Longer Just for Hippies • UC Study Abroad Helpful Hints • Opinions: Lessons from Super Tuesday; Does The Times Need Bill Kristol?; Lessons from the Hormuz Strait • Ursinus Wrestlers Clinch Dual Meet • UC Indoor Track Teams Make Big Moves, Heat Up Competitionhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1755/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, February 28, 2008

Tragedy Strikes at Northern Illinois University • Safety at Ursinus College in Light of the NIU Massacre • Anti-HIV Gel Fails Clinical Trial, Opens Doors • Investigating the Seven-Day Itch • Great Wall vs. China Jade: Local Chinese Dining • Third Annual CoSA Celebration Hits Ursinus in April • Review of SPINTfest at UC • Opinions: NME Scandal: An Outsider\u27s Take; Why Kosovo\u27s Independence Matters • Strong Champs for UC Swim • Gymnastics Prepares for Nationalshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1757/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, April 10, 2008

Baby Dies from Lack of Medical Attention, Parents Charged • Relay is Here! • Dancing at Lughnasa Opens at UC • Yes, It\u27s a Positions Article • Airband\u27s 25th Raises $3100 for the Laurel House • Senior\u27s Helpful Hints for Class Registration • Glancing at the Future of Collegeville • Men\u27s Golf Swings into Season • Track Teams Win Goucher Classichttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1761/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, February 7, 2008

Cafe Owner Advises Mindful Consumerism • More Money in Your Pocket? • Ledger\u27s Death Still Leaves Questions • NY Times Reporter Discusses Climate Issues at Focus the Nation • Arctic Mammals Battle Climate Change • Modern Menstruation Alternatives: The Menstrual Cup • Wismer Student Restaurant Welcomes New Turnstile • Things I Wish I Knew as a Freshman: Local Hot Spots • Satchmo\u27s: A Unique Sub Experience • Bringing Back the High Five • Endorse This!: How Important is a Political Backing? • Women\u27s Basketball Endures Tough Loss to Muleshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1754/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, April 3, 2008

Crude Awakening: Ways to Beat Surging Gas Pump Prices • Airband Turns 25 • Herpes Hindrance: Part Two • Literary Food Fest • Lou\u27s Too: The Charming Steak Shop • Fully Loaded EV Performance Attracts Full House • Faculty Spotlight: Dr. Goldsmith • Opinions: Fed Bailout? Fed, Butt Out!; Olympic Controversy • Men\u27s Lax Defeats McDaniel • Women\u27s Lax Shames McDanielhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1760/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, March 6, 2008

President Strassburger\u27s Message to Campus About New Member Education • Students Flock to Ursinus Job and Internship Fair • SIFE: An Organization Suited for All Ursinus Majors • The Real Inspector Hound: Stoppard Performed at UC • Local Venues Offer Break Options • Ursinus Fraternities Participate in Community Service • Da Vinci\u27s Pub: Are You a Renaissance Man or Woman? • Opinions: Anthony\u27s Keys to Making Friends; Academic Integrity for the Rest of Us; Rethinking the Second Amendment: What Does it Protect? • Football Coach Kevin Barger Moving On • Congrats to the 2008 Centennial Conference Champs! • Baseball and Softball Aim to Hit it Out of the Park • Two Head to Wrestling Nationalshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1758/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, March 27, 2008

Escape Velocity Dance Troupe Gets Fully Loaded • Habitat for Humanity: Community Service with a Tan • Ways to Prepare for Fall Housing and Room Selection • Religion on Campus: Hillel, MSA, IV and More! • Herpes Hindrance: Part One • Fox and Hound Pub and Grill: Which One are You? • Ursinus Sororities Participate in Community Service • Scientific Look at the Truth is Beauty Equation • Quick Glance at Upcoming CAB and RHA Events • Myrin\u27s Edible Books Festival: Battle of the Most Literate Foods • Opinions: Pledge to Darfur; Vice Presidential Possibilities: Let\u27s Start the Speculation • A Magical Season • Bears Dominate ECAC Championships • Ursinus Tennis Teams Hope to Rack Up a Good Seasonhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1759/thumbnail.jp

Patient-specific cancer genes contribute to recurrently perturbed pathways and establish therapeutic vulnerabilities in esophageal adenocarcinoma

Abstract: The identification of cancer-promoting genetic alterations is challenging particularly in highly unstable and heterogeneous cancers, such as esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Here we describe a machine learning algorithm to identify cancer genes in individual patients considering all types of damaging alterations simultaneously. Analysing 261 EACs from the OCCAMS Consortium, we discover helper genes that, alongside well-known drivers, promote cancer. We confirm the robustness of our approach in 107 additional EACs. Unlike recurrent alterations of known drivers, these cancer helper genes are rare or patient-specific. However, they converge towards perturbations of well-known cancer processes. Recurrence of the same process perturbations, rather than individual genes, divides EACs into six clusters differing in their molecular and clinical features. Experimentally mimicking the alterations of predicted helper genes in cancer and pre-cancer cells validates their contribution to disease progression, while reverting their alterations reveals EAC acquired dependencies that can be exploited in therapy