9 research outputs found
スイ カセイ ノウホウ ニ タイスル フククウキョウカ ノホウ イ フンゴウジュツ : イヘキ トノ ユチャク オ ゼンテイ ト シナイ アンゼンナ ジュツシキ
A forty seven-year-old male who had been in clinical follow-up for a pancreatic pseudocystunderwent a laparoscopic cystogastrostomy through the lesser peritoneal sac in 1996. Thisprocedure is performed by creating a cystotomy and posterior gastrotomy through whichan Endo GIATM is applied. The mouth of cystogastrostomy is closed using continuous suturesby Endo STITCHTM. This approach does not rely on adhesions between the pseudocyst andposterior wall of the stomach, and offers clear advantages over previously described techniquesin the management of pancreatic pseudocyst
A role for fungal β-glucans and their receptor Dectin-1 in the induction of autoimmune arthritis in genetically susceptible mice
A combination of genetic and environmental factors can cause autoimmune disease in animals. SKG mice, which are genetically prone to develop autoimmune arthritis, fail to develop the disease under a microbially clean condition, despite active thymic production of arthritogenic autoimmune T cells and their persistence in the periphery. However, in the clean environment, a single intraperitoneal injection of zymosan, a crude fungal β-glucan, or purified β-glucans such as curdlan and laminarin can trigger severe chronic arthritis in SKG mice, but only transient arthritis in normal mice. Blockade of Dectin-1, a major β-glucan receptor, can prevent SKG arthritis triggered by β-glucans, which strongly activate dendritic cells in vitro in a Dectin-1–dependent but Toll-like receptor-independent manner. Furthermore, antibiotic treatment against fungi can prevent SKG arthritis in an arthritis-prone microbial environment. Multiple injections of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid double-stranded RNA also elicit mild arthritis in SKG mice. Thus, specific microbes, including fungi and viruses, may evoke autoimmune arthritis such as rheumatoid arthritis by stimulating innate immunity in individuals who harbor potentially arthritogenic autoimmune T cells as a result of genetic anomalies or variations
In Situ Probing of Photoinduced Hydrophilicity on Titania Surface Using Dye Molecules
The titania film
surface exhibits superhydrophilicity after UV
irradiation due to its photocatalytic function. This is caused by
a change in the density of the surface hydroxyl groups, which affects
the surface charge density. Titania films were prepared to observe
the change in the surface charge during UV irradiation. The amounts
of some xanthene dyes adsorbed and deposited on the titania films
after UV irradiation were evaluated as a function of the irradiation
time. The increase in the adsorption and deposition amounts of the
more negative dye versus the UV irradiation time was greater. These
results indicated that the titania surface charge became more positive
by the UV irradiation. It was reported that basic hydroxyl groups
formed on the titania particle surface during the UV irradiation.
The surface dissociates hydroxyl ions into the water phase and has
a positive charge, which was supported by the present study
Novel and Efficient Chromium(II)-Mediated Desulfonylation of α‑Sulfonyl Ketone
A novel
and efficient method for the Cr(II)-mediated desulfonylation of α-sulfonyl
ketone by a Cr–ligand–Mn system has been developed during
the course of process research on Halaven (eribulin mesylate). This
reaction is dramatically accelerated in the presence of an appropriate
bipyridyl-type ligand. This system is applicable to reduction of α-sulfur-substituted
ketones. In addition, a Cr–Cp<sub>2</sub>ZrCl<sub>2</sub>–Mn
catalytic system is also applicable to desulfonylation of α-sulfonyl
ketone
Reconstitution of Biosynthetic Machinery for Indole-Diterpene Paxilline in <i>Aspergillus oryzae</i>
Indole-diterpenes represented by paxilline share a common
pentacyclic core skeleton derived from indole and geranylgeranyl diphosphate.
To shed light on the detailed biosynthetic mechanism of the paspaline-type
hexacyclic skeleton, we examined the reconstitution of paxilline biosynthetic
machinery in <i>Aspergillus oryzae</i> NSAR1. Stepwise introduction
of the six <i>pax</i> genes enabled us to isolate all biosynthetic
intermediates and to synthesize paxilline. In vitro and in vivo studies
on the key enzymes, prenyltransferase PaxC and cyclase PaxB, allowed
us to elucidate actual substrates of these enzymes. Using the isolated
and the synthesized epoxide substrates, the highly intriguing stepwide
epoxidation/cyclization mechanism for the construction of core structure
has been confirmed. In addition, we also demonstrated “tandem
transformation” to simultaneously introduce two genes using
a single vector (<i>paxG</i>/<i>paxB</i>, pAdeA; <i>paxP</i>/<i>paxQ</i>, pUNA). This may provide further
option for the reconstitution strategy to synthesize more complex
fungal metabolites