第1107回千葉医学会例会・第8回環境生命医学研究会

<p>Prevalence of severe depressive symptoms with 95% confidence intervals by sarcopenia and obesity status in the Kashiwa study.</p

Adjusted associations of metabolic syndrome with individual sarcopenia components in all subjects and according to age groups in men and women^*^†.

<p>Abbreviations; CI, confidence interval.</p><p>*All the models were adjusted for age, height, weight, physical activity and food intake.</p>†<p>The young-old group refers to those aged 65 to 74 and the old-old group to those aged 75 or older.</p><p>Adjusted associations of metabolic syndrome with individual sarcopenia components in all subjects and according to age groups in men and women^{<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0112718#nt110" target="_blank">*</a>}^{<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0112718#nt111" target="_blank">†</a>}.</p

Metabolic Syndrome, Sarcopenia and Role of Sex and Age: Cross-Sectional Analysis of Kashiwa Cohort Study

<div><p>Recent epidemiological evidence suggests that effects of cardiovascular risk factors may vary depending on sex and age. In this study, we assessed the associations of metabolic syndrome (MetS) with sarcopenia and its components in older adults, and examined whether the associations vary by sex and age. We also tested if any one of the MetS components could explain the associations. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the baseline data from the cohort study conducted in Kashiwa city, Chiba, Japan in 2012 which included 1971 functionally-independent, community-dwelling Japanese adults aged 65 years or older (977 men, 994 women). Sarcopenia was defined based on appendicular skeletal muscle mass, grip strength and usual gait speed. MetS was defined based on the National Cholesterol Education Program’s Adult Treatment Panel-III criteria. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 14.2% in men and 22.1% in women, while the prevalence of MetS was 43.6% in men and 28.9% in women. After adjustment for potential confounders, MetS was positively associated with sarcopenia in men aged 65 to 74 years (odds ratio 5.5; 95% confidence interval 1.9–15.9) but not in older men or women. Among the sarcopenia components, MetS was associated with lower muscle mass and grip strength, particularly in men aged 65 to 74 years. The associations of MetS with sarcopenia and its components were mainly driven by abdominal obesity regardless of sex or age. In conclusion, MetS is positively associated with sarcopenia in older men. The association is modified by sex and age, but abdominal obesity is the main contributor to the association across sex and age.</p></div

Characteristics of all subjects and according to sarcopenia status in men and women.

<p>Mean and standard deviation are shown for continuous variables, and proportions as percent for categorical variables. Percentages may not add up to 100 because of rounding.</p><p>Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; SMI, skeletal muscle mass index; MetS, metabolic syndrome; TG, triglycerides; CAD, coronary artery disease; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; BP, blood pressure; FPG, fasting plasma glucose.</p><p>Characteristics of all subjects and according to sarcopenia status in men and women.</p

Fully adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval of sarcopenia by individual metabolic syndrome components in all subjects and according to age group.

<p>Black bars: all subjects, dark-gray bars: subjects aged 65 to 74 years, light-gray bars: subjects aged 75 years or over. All models are adjusted for age, height, weight, physical activity and food intake. AO, abdominal obesity; TG, elevated triglycerides; HDL, low high density lipoprotein; Glu, elevated fasting plasma glucose; BP, high blood pressure. A) Men. B) Women.</p

Adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals of depressive symptoms with sarcopenia and obesity status in the Kashiwa study.

<p>Adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals of depressive symptoms with sarcopenia and obesity status in the Kashiwa study.</p

Characteristics of tail-suspended mice and aged mice.

<p>(A) Twelve-week-old C57BL/6J male mice were subjected to two weeks of tail suspension. Mice were sacrificed, and then serum samples and soleus muscles were collected. Serum IL-6 level was determined using ELISA. Soleus muscle weight/body weight ratio and the body weight of mice are shown (n = 4). (B) Twelve-week-old mice were subjected to seven days of tail suspension, and then RNA was extracted from the following tissues: whole bone marrow from femurs (n = 4), soleus muscles (n = 3), livers (n = 6), spleens (n = 3), and small intestines (n = 3). Quantitative real-time PCR was performed, and the relative IL-6 expression in each tissue is shown. (C) C57BL/6J male mice aged 15 weeks and 104 weeks were sacrificed, and then serum samples and soleus muscles were collected (n = 4). *p<0.05, **p<0.01, n.s.: not significant.</p

Adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals of severe depressive symptoms with sarcopenia and obesity status in the Kashiwa study.

<p>Adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals of severe depressive symptoms with sarcopenia and obesity status in the Kashiwa study.</p

Effects of MR16-1 on atrogene expression and muscle atrophy.

<p>Eleven-week-old C57BL/6J male mice were administered with MR16-1 via intraperitoneal injection and subjected to tail suspension according to the protocol in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0191318#pone.0191318.g001" target="_blank">Fig 1</a>. (A) After two days of tail suspension, soleus muscles were collected, and then the expression of MuRF1 and atrogin-1 was measured by real-time PCR. (n = 7–8). (B, C) After two weeks of tail suspension, mice were sacrificed, and soleus muscles were collected. Soleus muscle weight/body weight (B) and CSA of the soleus muscles (C) are shown (n = 5). In Fig 3C, representative microscopic images of the soleus muscles (HE staining) are shown. CSA of each fiber was calculated using ImageJ, and the values were averaged for each muscle. Red bars correspond to 100μm. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, n.s.: not significant.</p

Participant characteristics by sarcopenia and obesity status in the Kashiwa study.

<p>Participant characteristics by sarcopenia and obesity status in the Kashiwa study.</p