Land-Use/Landscape Pattern Changes and Related Environmental Driving Forces in a Dong Ethnic Minority Village in Southwestern China

This paper outlines land-use/landscape pattern changes and relationships between land-use change trajectories and environmental variables in the Dong ethnic-minority village of Gaoyou in southwestern China. In the study, landscape metrics were applied to evaluate changes in land use and landscape patterns using GeoEye-1 satellite imagery for 2009/2020 and drone imagery for 2019, and redundancy analysis (RDA) was applied to clarify the relationship between land-use change trajectories and environmental variables. The 10–30% change in land use observed across each time sequence indicated rapid development in the area, resulting in increased fragmentation and reduced aggregation. The findings showed efficient usage of land resources in Gaoyou. Accessibility to land tended to govern the characteristics of land-use change, with natural variables influencing the type of development. The results also indicated that farmers responded quickly to government subsidies promoting tea and camellia plantations, unplanned road construction was causing fragmentation, and official land-use map content differed from the authors’ observations. Accordingly, the government should make integrated long-term plans for the development of ethnic-minority villages and engage in remote-sensor monitoring of local land-use change

BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS ON DYNAMIC PULLING SKILL FOR ELITE INDOOR TUG OF WAR ATHLETES

In order to describe the pulling skill for the elite athletes of indoor Tug of War, the purpose of this study was to determine biomechanical profiles in dynamic pulling exercises. Kanazawa Rescue team of the gold medal record for the 2004 World Indoor TOW Championships participated in this study (N =20). Our data revealed that the elite tug of war athletes could produce 1041.6 N in dynamic pull, I.e., 149.0% of the weight with the load cell method. According to three-dimensional video analysis procedures with the direct linear transformation analysis (DLT) method, it was cleared that the ankle joint of lower leg was rotating at toe off with the pigeon toe position to outsidewards during pushing the floor. Therefore, it is concluded that the lower limb link system involving CaM would be of the most sophisticated skill for the elite indoor TOW athletes

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TEAM PULLING TECHNIQUE OF ELITE FEMALE INDOOR-TOW ATHLETES FROM A DRONE'S POINT OF VIEW

The purpose of this study was to clarify the team pulling technique on Drive phase for Japanese female elite tug of war team from drone's point of view. In order to examine the pulling movement, digital video camera was set at the ceiling of gymnasium, the game performed by 2 elite teams (finalists) in 2006 All Japan Tug of War Championship tournament were videotaped from right above and analyzed displacement of X, Y-aAs for all puller and foot position by using two dimensional motion analysis system. All puller moved from side-to-side at regular intervals, rightward movement and backward movement got into synchronization. While at leftward movement back a right foot step, while rightward movement, left foot set back to right foot position. These movement make it likely 7 pullers and anchor synchronized the pulling timing and direction as far as possible, which culminated in lower the loss of the force

Changes in Water network Management since the Meiji Era and Issues Regarding Disaster Prevention at the Foot of Mt. Hira in Shiga Prefecture, Japan

In considering Eco-DRR, it is important to use resources and disaster prevention techniques that make the most of the unique ecosystems of each region. The purpose of this study was to analyze the changes in the water network and its management methods since the Meiji period in Minamikomatsu, Otsu City, located at the foot of Mt. Hira. Based on a literature survey of maps and documents stored in Minamikomatsu, interviews, and field surveys, a water network map was created for each period, and the changes in the management of the water network and issues related to disaster prevention were analyzed. As a result, we were able to confirm the traditional wisdom and techniques of water use and drainage by controlling water intake. On the other hand, the system of water network management has changed with the development of government, agriculture, tourism, and residential areas, and integrated management has become difficult. In addition, changes in the shape and flow of waterways and their disappearance have impeded and fragmented the flow in downstream areas, creating problems for disaster prevention. In the future, it will be important to secure and regenerate the continuity of water networks for watershed basin water control, and to establish a comprehensive water network management system