COVID-19 Vaccination status among Health care workers diagnosed with COVID-19 in a tertiary care institute of Uttarakhand: A Cross-sectional Study

Background: Vaccines are considered as the one of the main pillars in halting and ending the presently on-going coronavirus disease (COVID-19 disease) pandemic which has spread globally since it was first detected in Wuhan, China in December 2019. In the absence of specific therapy, infection prevention practices and mass vaccination remains the mainstay in controlling the disease. Objectives: Objective of the study was to assess COVID-19 vaccination status, socio-demographic and clinical profile among healthcare workers diagnosed with COVID-19. Methodology: A cross-sectional survey from 1st March 2021 to 30th June 2021 among healthcare workers who were diagnosed with COVID-19 in a tertiary care institute of Uttarakhand, India was conducted, and universal sampling was used. Institutional Ethics Committee approved this study. Results: Total 662 healthcare workers were diagnosed with COVID-19. 429 (64.8%) of these COVID-19 diagnosed healthcare workers had received either single (129,30%) or both dose (300,70%) of COVID-19 vaccine while remaining 233 (35.2%) belonged to non-vaccinated group. History of exposure to COVID-19 positive patients was higher in vaccinated (66.4%) than in non-vaccinated group (55%) (p = 0.004). Hospitalisation was found to be higher among non-vaccinated (5.6%) than vaccinated group (2.3%) (p = 0.029). Conclusions: This study concludes that being vaccinated against COVID-19 disease provides protection against severe infection and reduces the need for hospitalization

Assessment of quality of routine immunization in rural areas of Doiwala Block, Dehradun

Background: India initiated Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) in 1978 and was renamed to Universal Immunization Programme (UIP) in 1985 and subsequently integrated with National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) in 2005. Many studies have shown that health workers involved in immunization are more concerned towards coverage than the quality of immunization services provided. Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to assess the quality of routine immunization services in rural areas of Doiwala Block of Dehradun, Uttarakhand. Material and Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted for a duration of one year. Study participants included Auxillary Nurse Midwives (ANMs), Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs), Anganwadi Workers (AWWs) and parents/caregivers of children aged 12–23 months residing in that area who had received immunization services on the day of the survey. Institutional ethics committee clearance was obtained before the start of the study. A P value of 0.05). The most common vaccine not available was the Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine. The majority of clients at both high (92%) and low-performing centres (96%) said that they never waited for at least 30 min post-vaccination at the vaccination site for observation. Conclusion: The study highlights that most of the ANMs at the immunization centre were having good knowledge and were adequately trained for maintaining cold chains at session sites