2,404 research outputs found
Irreversible Data Compression Concepts in Time-order of Particle Trajectory for Visualization of Huge Particle System
Asymmetric Phosphorus Incorporation in Homoepitaxial P-Doped (111) Diamond Revealed by Photoelectron Holography
Diamond has two crystallographically inequivalent sites in the unit cell. In doped diamond, dopant occupation in the two sites is expected to be equal. Nevertheless, preferential dopant occupation during growth under nonequilibrium conditions is of fundamental importance, for example, to enhance the properties of nitrogen-vacancy (N-V) centers; therefore, this is a promising candidate for a qubit. However, the lack of suitable experimental techniques has made it difficult to study the crystal- and chemical-site-resolved local structures of dopants. Here, we confirm the identity of two chemical sites with asymmetric dopant incorporation in the diamond structure, via the photoelectron holography (PEH) of heavily phosphorus (P)-doped diamond prepared by chemical vapor deposition. One is substitutionally incorporated P with preferential site occupations and the other can be attributed to a PV split vacancy complex with preferential orientation. The present study shows that PEH is a valuable technique to study the local structures around dopants with a resolution of crystallographically inequivalent but energetically equivalent sites/orientations. Such information provides strategies to improve the properties of dopant related-complexes in which alignment is crucial for sensing of magnetic field or quantum spin register using N-V centers in diamond
A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial to Investigate the Effects of Kamishoyosan, a Traditional Japanese Medicine, on Menopausal Symptoms: The KOSMOS Study
Objective. The KOSMOS study, a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, investigated the effects and safety of kamishoyosan (TJ-24), a traditional Japanese medicine, in the treatment of climacteric disorder. Methods. Japanese women with climacteric disorder were administered a placebo during a 4-week run-in period, after which they were classified as placebo responders (R group) if their score on the modified Questionnaire for the Assessment of Climacteric Symptoms in Japanese Women (m-QACS) with excitability and irritability as the primary outcome improved by ≥ 3 points and as placebo nonresponders (NR group) otherwise. Members of the NR group were randomly allocated to receive either TJ-24 or placebo. After 12 weeks, their m-QACS scores, anxiety and depression, sleep, and overall quality of life (QOL) were compared. Results. The TJ-24 and placebo arms in the NR group included 20 patients each. The change in the m-QACS scores of members of the NR group for excitability and irritability at 12 weeks versus baseline was –3.1 ± 1.7 in the TJ-24 arm, a significant decrease, but compared with –2.7 ± 2.2 in the placebo arm, no significant difference was between two arms. However, the proportion of participants whose score improved by ≥3 points was significantly higher in the TJ-24 arm. In the subgroup analysis of premenopausal women, the changes in the score for excitability and irritability were significantly larger in the TJ-24 arm. The incidence of adverse drug reactions or adverse events did not differ between the two arms, and no serious events were reported. Conclusion. Although no significant difference was identified for the primary outcome, a significantly higher proportion of patients who received TJ-24 displayed improvement. Its high level of safety and effects on excitability and irritability in premenopausal women suggest that TJ-24 may be a useful treatment
Field-Induced Two-Step Phase Transitions in the Singlet Ground State Triangular Antiferromagnet CsFeBr
The ground state of the stacked triangular antiferromagnet CsFeBr is a
spin singlet due to the large single ion anisotropy . The
field-induced magnetic ordering in this compound was investigated by the
magnetic susceptibility, the magnetization process and specific heat
measurements for an external field parallel to the -axis. Unexpectedly, two
phase transitions were observed in the magnetic field higher than 3 T. The
phase diagram for temperature versus magnetic field was obtained. The mechanism
leading to the successive phase transitions is discussed.Comment: 8 pages, 9 figures, 10 eps files, jpsj styl
Gas selection for Xe-based LCP-GEM detectors onboard the CubeSat X-ray observatory NinjaSat
We present a gas selection for Xe-based gas electron multiplier (GEM)
detectors, Gas Multiplier Counters (GMCs) onboard the CubeSat X-ray observatory
NinjaSat. To achieve an energy bandpass of 2-50 keV, we decided to use a
Xe-based gas mixture at a pressure of 1.2 atm that is sensitive to high-energy
X-rays. In addition, an effective gain of over 300 is required for a single GEM
so that the 2 keV X-ray signal can be sufficiently larger than the electrical
noise. At first, we measured the effective gains of GEM in nine Xe-based gas
mixtures (combinations of Xe, Ar, CO2, CH4, and dimethyl ether; DME) at 1.0
atm. The highest gains were obtained with Xe/Ar/DME mixtures, while relatively
lower gains were obtained with Xe/Ar/CO2, Xe/Ar/CH4, and Xe+quencher mixtures.
Based on these results, we selected the Xe/Ar/DME (75%/24%/1%) mixture at 1.2
atm as the sealed gas for GMC. Then we investigated the dependence of an
effective gain on the electric fields in the drift and induction gaps ranging
from 100-650 V cm and 500-5000 V cm, respectively, in the
selected gas mixture. The effective gain weakly depended on the drift field
while it was almost linearly proportional to the induction field: 2.4 times
higher at 5000 V cm than at 1000 V cm. With the optimal induction
and drift fields, the flight model GMC achieves an effective gain of 460 with
an applied GEM voltage of 590 V.Comment: 7th international conference on Micro Pattern Gaseous Detectors 2022
- MPGD2022, 3 pages, 2 figure
Search for exotic neutrino-electron interactions using solar neutrinos in XMASS-I
We have searched for exotic neutrino-electron interactions that could be
produced by a neutrino millicharge, by a neutrino magnetic moment, or by dark
photons using solar neutrinos in the XMASS-I liquid xenon detector. We observed
no significant signals in 711 days of data. We obtain an upper limit for
neutrino millicharge of 5.410 at 90\% confidence level
assuming all three species of neutrino have common millicharge. We also set
flavor dependent limits assuming the respective neutrino flavor is the only one
carrying a millicharge, for , for , and for .
These limits are the most stringent yet obtained from direct measurements. We
also obtain an upper limit for the neutrino magnetic moment of
1.810 Bohr magnetons. In addition, we obtain upper limits for
the coupling constant of dark photons in the model of
1.310 if the dark photon mass is 1 MeV,
and 8.810 if it is 10 MeV
High-resolution aftershock observations in the source region of the 2004 mid-Niigata Prefecture Earthquake
Three flavor neutrino oscillation analysis of atmospheric neutrinos in Super-Kamiokande
We report on the results of a three-flavor oscillation analysis using
Super-Kamiokande~I atmospheric neutrino data, with the assumption of one mass
scale dominance (0). No significant flux change due to
matter effect, which occurs when neutrinos propagate inside the Earth for
0, has been seen either in a multi-GeV -rich sample
or in a -rich sample. Both normal and inverted mass hierarchy
hypotheses are tested and both are consistent with observation. Using
Super-Kamiokande data only, 2-dimensional 90 % confidence allowed regions are
obtained: mixing angles are constrained to and for the normal mass hierarchy. Weaker constraints,
and , are obtained
for the inverted mass hierarchy case.Comment: 7 figures, 3 table
Brain Metabolic Changes of Cervical Dystonia with Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 1 after Botulinum Toxin Therapy
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