Bivariate and multivariate analysis of factors associated with obesity (BMI≥30 versus <30).

<p>**Including White Hispanic.</p><p>***Including Black Hispanic.</p><p>Bivariate and multivariate analysis of factors associated with obesity (BMI≥30 versus <30).</p

Univariate linear associations of albumin and other selected participant characteristics with body mass, fat mass and fat free mass index.

<p>CD4 counts are cells/µl; Asterisks represent p-values for association within the column HIV/CD4 group (*<0.05, **<0.01, ***<0.001);</p>1<p>Categorized as none, 1–3, 3–5, >5, treated as continuous variable;</p>2<p>Aspartate amino transferase <i>or</i> alanine amino transferase >35 mg/dl.</p

Final stepwise multivariate linear regression models for the association of serum albumin and other selected characteristics with FAT MASS INDEX (FMI) among HIV-negative women and HIV Positive by CD4 strata¹.

1<p>Numbers are kg/m² changes in Fat Mass Index per unit increase in row covariate given all other variables in model are unchanged.</p><p>Asterisks represent p-values for association within the column HIV/CD4 group (*<0.05, **<0.01, ***<0.001).</p

Baseline characteristics of study participants (n = 895).

a<p>P-value is for comparing all four HIV/CD4 groups.</p>b<p>n(%) for categorical variables or mean±standard-deviation for continuous variables.</p>c<p>Alanine aminotransferase or aspartate aminotransferase>35 mg/dL.</p

Characteristics of 537 HIV-infected women participants prior to initiation of antiretroviral therapy.

<p>Abbreviations: RWF = Rwandan Francs; WHO =  World Health Organization; BMI = body mass index; FFMI = fat free mass index; FMI = fat mass index.</p

Cleavage of IL-8 in genital mucosal fluids.

<p>A. Recombinant IL-8 was added to either saline (negative control) or genital fluids (diluted 1:4) from 10 HIV-seropositive subjects and incubated at either 4°C or 37°C for 20 h. Levels of IL-8 were then measured by ELISA. The mean ± SD are shown. B. Recombinant IL-8 was added to genital fluid from subject 26 diluted 1:4 or 1:40 and incubated for 4 or 24 h before detection by ELISA.</p

Description of ART usage among 371 women who initiated treatment.

<p>Proportions of HIV+ ART initiators: 26.7% used AZT, 62.5% used D4T, 89.1% used NRTI total and 1.3% used NRTI other than AZT or D4T.</p><p>Description of ART usage among 371 women who initiated treatment.</p

Univariate variables and Change in CD4 count at 6, 12, and 24 months from pre-ART visit.

<p>Abbreviations: ART = antiretroviral therapy, BMI = body mass index, FFMI = fat free mass index, FMI = fat mass index, RWF =  Rwandan Francs, WHO = World Health Organization.</p

Kaplan-Meier curves for time to loss to care among those who returned for at least one post-enrollment visit, by pregnancy status at enrollment (N = 2044).

<p>Includes participants who had ≥ 1 follow-up visit after enrollment. Pregnancy status was recorded at enrollment into care. Participants were classified as lost to care (on their last clinic visit) if > 365 days had passed since their last clinic visit. All participants who did not experience the outcome were censored at the date of last clinic visit or when they were no longer at risk for loss to care (365 days before the database closing date).</p

Flow Diagram RWISA longitudinal insulin resistance study; RWISA, Rwanda Women’s Interassociation Study Assessment; HIV, Human immunodeficiency virus; ART, antiretroviral therapy; HIV+, HIV-infected; HIV-, HIV-uninfected.

<p>Flow Diagram RWISA longitudinal insulin resistance study; RWISA, Rwanda Women’s Interassociation Study Assessment; HIV, Human immunodeficiency virus; ART, antiretroviral therapy; HIV+, HIV-infected; HIV-, HIV-uninfected.</p