Moderate/severe adverse events observed overall and 2 and 7 days post-circumcision among N = 427 HIV-uninfected, sexually-active adult men surgically circumcised within the National Safe Male Circumcision program in Gaborone, Botswana.

<p>Moderate/severe adverse events observed overall and 2 and 7 days post-circumcision among N = 427 HIV-uninfected, sexually-active adult men surgically circumcised within the National Safe Male Circumcision program in Gaborone, Botswana.</p

Flow chart of N = 577 men screened for circumcision eligibility within the National Safe Male Circumcision program in Gaborone, Botswana.

<p>Two participants did not meet two eligibility criteria and thus the number and percentages presented for individual reasons for ineligibility sum to >100%.</p

Satisfaction with circumcision procedure and follow-up at 2 and 7 days post-circumcision among HIV-uninfected, sexually-active adult men circumcised within the National Safe Male Circumcision program in Gaborone, Botswana.

<p>Satisfaction with circumcision procedure and follow-up at 2 and 7 days post-circumcision among HIV-uninfected, sexually-active adult men circumcised within the National Safe Male Circumcision program in Gaborone, Botswana.</p

Map of selected communities and stratified sampling schema of focus discussion groups among men, women and community leaders according to age and circumcision status, Botswana, July to November 2013.

<p>Map of selected communities and stratified sampling schema of focus discussion groups among men, women and community leaders according to age and circumcision status, Botswana, July to November 2013.</p

Seasonal distribution of respiratory viruses detected from children 1 to 23 months of age with pneumonia in Botswana, April 2012 to August 2014.

<p>Seasonal distribution of respiratory viruses detected from children 1 to 23 months of age with pneumonia in Botswana, April 2012 to August 2014.</p

Respiratory viruses detected using multiplex PCR of nasopharyngeal specimens from n = 310 pneumonia episodes among children 1 to 23 months of age and n = 133 matched control children in Gaborone, Botswana, April 2012 to August 2014.

<p>PCR, polymerase chain reaction; URI, upper respiratory infection; RSV, respiratory syncytial virus; NA, not analyzed</p><p>^aDefined as presence of rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, or cough.</p><p>^b<i>P</i> value estimated using Fisher’s exact test.</p><p>Respiratory viruses detected using multiplex PCR of nasopharyngeal specimens from n = 310 pneumonia episodes among children 1 to 23 months of age and n = 133 matched control children in Gaborone, Botswana, April 2012 to August 2014.</p

Baseline characteristics of N = 310 children 1 to 23 months of age with pneumonia and N = 133 matched control children in Gaborone, Botswana, April 2012 to August 2014.

<p>URI, upper respiratory infection; NA, not analyzed; WHO, World Health Organization</p><p>^aControls were matched to cases 1:1 by primary care clinic and date (≤2 weeks from the case enrollment).</p><p>^b5 children were enrolled as case subjects twice and one child was enrolled as a case subject on three occasions.</p><p>^cDefined as presence of rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, or cough.</p><p>^dWald χ^2, P-values; generalized estimating equations were used to account for correlated data among children enrolled more than once as case subjects.</p><p>^eWeight-for-length <-3 standard deviation on standard WHO growth curves, mid-upper arm circumference <115mm (for children ≥6 months of age), or bilateral edema of nutritional origin.</p><p>Baseline characteristics of N = 310 children 1 to 23 months of age with pneumonia and N = 133 matched control children in Gaborone, Botswana, April 2012 to August 2014.</p

Outcomes according to detection of RSV and other respiratory viruses among children 1 to 23 months of age with pneumonia in Gaborone, Botswana, April 2012 to August 2014.

<p>RSV, respiratory syncytial virus; IQR, interquartile range; RR, risk ratio; MD, mean difference; CI, confidence interval; O2, supplemental oxygen; CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure; WHO, World Health Organization</p><p>^aRisk ratios (or mean differences) estimated from Cox proportional hazards (or linear regression) models adjusted for age, low birth weight, HIV exposure status, severe malnutrition, current breastfeeding, household use of wood as a cooking fuel, WHO disease severity, and oxygen saturation <90% (on room air) at enrollment.</p><p>^bAnalysis excludes children with severe malnutrition, defined as weight-for-length <-3 standard deviations on WHO growth curves, mid-upper arm circumference <115mm (for children ≥6 months), or bilateral edema of nutritional origin.</p><p>^cNo deaths occurred among the <i>n</i> = 18 children with RSV and non-RSV virus coinfection.</p><p>Outcomes according to detection of RSV and other respiratory viruses among children 1 to 23 months of age with pneumonia in Gaborone, Botswana, April 2012 to August 2014.</p