POOL BOILING OF WATER OVER A STAINLESS STEEL FLAT PLATE HEATER

The purpose of this experiment is to study heat transfer characteristics of water through pool boiling over a flat stainless steel plate heater. The present experimental data of water is in good agreement with Stephen and Abdelsalam correlation (1980) with the given heat flux range 30-750 kW/m2. Without any modification in the Stephen and Abdelsalam correlation (1980), it is observed that the experimental data of water are within an error band of ± 20 percent, this is because of the Stephen and Abdelsalam correlation (1980) predicts their own data in an error band of 11.3 percent. In order to minimize the error band, the pool boiling experimental data of water have been analyzed by regression analysis using Stephen and Abdelsalam correlation (1980) and the powers and coefficient of the terms in the correlation are modified and the optimum values of the power index and coefficient which gives the minimum error band of ± 10 is obtained

Solar Coronal Density Turbulence and Magnetic Field Strength at the Source Regions of Two Successive Metric Type II Radio Bursts

We report spectral and polarimeter observations of two weak, low-frequency (≈85–60 MHz) solar coronal type II radio bursts that occurred on 2020 May 29 within a time interval ≈2 minutes. The bursts had fine structures, and were due to harmonic plasma emission. Our analysis indicates that the magnetohydrodynamic shocks responsible for the first and second type II bursts were generated by the leading edge (LE) of an extreme-ultraviolet flux rope/coronal mass ejection (CME) and interaction of its flank with a neighboring coronal structure, respectively. The CME deflected from the radial direction by ≈25° during propagation in the near-Sun corona. The estimated power spectral density and magnetic field strength (B) near the location of the first burst at heliocentric distance r ≈ 1.35 Re are ≈2 × 10−3 W2m and ≈1.8 G, respectively. The corresponding values for the second burst at the same r are ≈10−3 W2 m and ≈0.9 G. The significant spatial scales of the coronal turbulence at the location of the two type II bursts are ≈62–1 Mm. Our conclusions from the present work are that the turbulence and magnetic field strength in the coronal region near the CME LE are higher compared to the corresponding values close to its flank. The derived estimates of the two parameters correspond to the same r for both the CME LE and its flank, with a delay of ≈2 minutes for the latter.Peer reviewe

An investigation on image denoising technique using pixel-component-analysis

This paper authenticates a proficient image denoising scheme with the analysis local pixel coherence. In the dominion of a study about noise and pixel elements in image processing, the influence of the Gaussian effect on image contrast plays a key role. It is found in particular that pixel variations may be vast in some cases which potentially tend to develop irregularities in the image

4′-Ferrocenyl-1′-methylacenapthylene-1-spiro-2′-pyrrolidine-3′-spiro-2′′-indane-2,1′′,3′′(1H)-trione

In the title compound, [Fe(C5H5)(C29H20NO3)], the acenaphthyl­ene ring system makes a dihedral angle of 83.77 (3)° with the indane-1,3-dione ring system. The central pyrrolidine ring exhibits a twist conformation. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked by a weak inter­molecular C—H⋯O inter­action into a chain along the b axis. Two weak intra­molecular C—H⋯O inter­actions are also present

Methyl 9-p-tolyl-8a,9,9a,10,11,12,13,14a-octa­hydro-8H-benzo[f]chromeno[3,4-b]indolizine-8a-carboxyl­ate

In the title compound, C28H29NO3, the fused pyrrolidine and piperidine rings of the octa­hydro­indolizine unit exhibit envelope and chair conformations, respectively. The dihedral angle between the naphthalene ring system and the benzene ring is 40.37 (5)°. The crystal packing is stabilized by weak inter­molecular C—H⋯O inter­actions

19-Ferrocenyl-18-oxa-8,16-diaza­penta­cyclo­[8.6.3.01,10.02,7.012,16]nona­deca-2(7),3,5-triene-9,17-dione

In the title compound, [Fe(C5H5)(C21H19N2O3)], both pyrrol­idine rings of the pyrrolizine substructure show an envelope conformation. In the ferrocenyl moiety, the unsubstituted cyclo­penta­dienyl ring is disordered over two orientations with site occupancies of 0.64 (2) and 0.36 (2). In the pyrrolizine ring, one C atom is disordered over two positions, with site occupancies of 0.71 (1) and 0.29 (1). Intra­molecular C—H⋯O inter­actions occur. The crystal packing is established through weak inter­molecular C—H⋯O and N—H⋯O inter­actions

A Comparative study of Siriraj and Greek Score in Differentiating Acute Ischemic Stroke from Hemorrhagic Stroke

BACKGROUND: Stroke is an important cause of death and disability in India, with a prevalence of 262/1000000 in rural areas and 424/100000 in urban areas. Classifying stroke in to Ischaemic and Haemorrhagic stroke as early as possible is very essential to start treatment. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 120 patients with features of Anterior circulation stroke admitted to our hospital and the data collected is used to compute Siriraj and Greek stroke score. RESULTS: Analysis of Siriraj and Greek stroke scores shows accuracy of 62.3% and 79.2% in detecting Infarct respectively. Both scores shows 91.5 % accuracy in detecting Haemorrhage. CONCLUSION: Both the scores can be used to rule out Haemorrhage in rural set-ups where immediate radiographing is not available. When both the scores are used simultaneously, accuracy increases. Still, CT Brain is the investigatory modality whenever it is available

Methyl 9-(4-bromo­phen­yl)-8a,9,9a,10,11,12,13,14a-octa­hydro-8H-benzo[f]chromeno[3,4-b]indolizine-8a-car­box­ylate

In the title compound, C27H26BrNO3, the mean plane of the naphthalene ring system makes a dihedral angle of 22.0 (1)° with the bromo-substituted benzene ring. The pyrrolidine and piperidine rings exhibit envelope and chair conformations, respectively. An inter­molecular C—H⋯Br inter­action is observed

Pulsed electric field processing of functional drink based on tender coconut water (Cococus nucifera L.) - nannari (Hemidesmus indicus) blended beverage

Tender coconut water (Cocos nucifera L.) Nannari extract (Hemidesmus indicus L.) ready-to serve (RTS) blended beverage were optimised. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the levels of independent variables (levels of tender coconut water, nannari extract and sugar). The responses of pH, ºBrix, CIE colour (L*, a* and b*) value and OAA were studied. The data obtained were analysed by multiple regression technique to generate suitable mathematical models. The developed blended beverage was processed using pulsed electric field (PEF) with electric field 31.2 kV/cm, 20 pulse widths at 100 Hz frequency to minimise nutritional and sensory attributes losses and compared with conventional thermal pasteurization (96 ºC for 360 s) with p-value of 8.03. Thermal pasteurization showed a significant (p<0.05) decrease in colour value, radical scavenging activity and overall acceptability after treatment and also during storage, when compared to PEF treated tender coconut water-nannari blended beverage. PEF treatment also achieved a 3.01 ± 0.69 log inactivation, similar to thermal pasteurization of native micro flora. PEF treated tender coconut water-nannari blended beverage was stable up to 120 days under ambient storage condition (27-30 °C)