6 research outputs found
Association between maternal education and objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in adolescents
Investigating socioeconomic variation in physical activity (PA) and sedentary time is important as it may represent a pathway by which socioeconomic position (SEP) leads to ill health. Findings on the association between children's SEP and objectively assessed PA and/or sedentary time are mixed, and few studies have included international samples.Examine the associations between maternal education and adolescent's objectively assessed PA and sedentary time.This is an observational study of 12 770 adolescents (10-18 years) pooled from 10 studies from Europe, Australia, Brazil and the USA. Original PA data were collected between 1997 and 2009. The associations between maternal education and accelerometer variables were examined using robust multivariable regression, adjusted for a priori confounders (ie, body mass index, monitor wear time, season, age and sex) and regression coefficients combined across studies using random effects meta-analyses. Analyses were conducted in March 2014.Adolescents of university educated mothers spent more time sedentary (9.5 min/day, p=0.005) and less time in light activity (10 min/day, p<0.001) compared with adolescents of high school educated mothers. Pooled analysis across two studies from Brazil and Portugal (analysed separately because of the different coding of maternal education) showed that children of higher educated mothers (tertiary vs primary/secondary) spent less time in moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) (6.6 min/day, p=0.001) and in light PA (39.2 min/day: p<0.001), and more time sedentary (45.9 min/day, p<0.001).Across a number of international samples, adolescents of mothers with lower education may not be at a disadvantage in terms of overall objectively measured PA
Heavy Metal Remediation by Dry Mycelium Membranes: Approaches to Sustainable Lead Remediation in Water
Lead contamination poses significant and lasting health
risks,
particularly in children. This study explores the efficacy of dried
mycelium membranes, distinct from live fungal biomass, for the remediation
of lead (Pb(II)) in water. Dried mycelium offers unique advantages,
including environmental resilience, ease of handling, biodegradability,
and mechanical reliability. The study explores Pb(II) removal mechanisms
through sorption and mineralization by dried mycelium hyphae in aqueous
solutions. The sorption isotherm studies reveal a high Pb(II) removal
efficiency, exceeding 95% for concentrations below 1000 ppm and ∼63%
above 1500 ppm, primarily driven by electrostatic interactions. The
measured infrared peak shifts and the pseudo-second-order kinetics
for sorption suggests a correlation between sorption capacity and
the density of interacting functional groups. The study also explores
novel surface functionalization of the mycelium network with phosphate
to enhance Pb(II) removal, which enables remediation efficiencies
>95% for concentrations above 1500 ppm. Scanning electron microscopy
images show a pH-dependent formation of Pb-based crystals uniformly
deposited throughout the entire mycelium network. Continuous cross-flow
filtration tests employing a dried mycelium membrane demonstrate its
efficacy as a microporous membrane for Pb(II) removal, reaching remediation
efficiency of 85–90% at the highest Pb(II) concentrations.
These findings suggest that dried mycelium membranes can be a viable
alternative to synthetic membranes in heavy metal remediation, with
potential environmental and water treatment applications
Heavy Metal Remediation by Dry Mycelium Membranes: Approaches to Sustainable Lead Remediation in Water
Lead contamination poses significant and lasting health
risks,
particularly in children. This study explores the efficacy of dried
mycelium membranes, distinct from live fungal biomass, for the remediation
of lead (Pb(II)) in water. Dried mycelium offers unique advantages,
including environmental resilience, ease of handling, biodegradability,
and mechanical reliability. The study explores Pb(II) removal mechanisms
through sorption and mineralization by dried mycelium hyphae in aqueous
solutions. The sorption isotherm studies reveal a high Pb(II) removal
efficiency, exceeding 95% for concentrations below 1000 ppm and ∼63%
above 1500 ppm, primarily driven by electrostatic interactions. The
measured infrared peak shifts and the pseudo-second-order kinetics
for sorption suggests a correlation between sorption capacity and
the density of interacting functional groups. The study also explores
novel surface functionalization of the mycelium network with phosphate
to enhance Pb(II) removal, which enables remediation efficiencies
>95% for concentrations above 1500 ppm. Scanning electron microscopy
images show a pH-dependent formation of Pb-based crystals uniformly
deposited throughout the entire mycelium network. Continuous cross-flow
filtration tests employing a dried mycelium membrane demonstrate its
efficacy as a microporous membrane for Pb(II) removal, reaching remediation
efficiency of 85–90% at the highest Pb(II) concentrations.
These findings suggest that dried mycelium membranes can be a viable
alternative to synthetic membranes in heavy metal remediation, with
potential environmental and water treatment applications
Participatory urban appraisal and its application for research on violence
Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). (DOC 27 kb
Additional file 1: Table S1. of Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD)
ICAD studies in alphabetic order: country of origin, design and characteristics of study participants included in the present analyses (DOC 49 kb
Additional file 2: Figure S1. of Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in youth: the International children’s accelerometry database (ICAD)
Dose–response relationship between weight status, MVPA (left panel) and sedentary time (right panel) by sex. CI = confidence interval, owt = overweight, cpm = counts per minute. (PPT 138 kb