3 research outputs found
Carbopol hydrogel/sorbitan monostearate-almond oil based organogel biphasic formulations: Preparation and characterization of the bigels
Purpose: To obtain and evaluate carbopol hydrogel/sorbitan monostearate-almond oil-based organogel biphasic formulations (bigels) as a semi-solid vehicle for medicated topical applications.Methods: Bigel formulations were obtained under mild conditions at a hydrogel/organogel ratio of 80/20, 70/30, and 60/40 (w/w). Their stability, viscosity, spreadability, microarchitecture, and acute skin toxicity were evaluated.Results: Two formulations, prepared at ratios of 80/20 and 70/30, were stable based on intermediate stability testing, and had a similar viscosity and spreadability (38.0 Β± 1.0 mm and 37.3 Β± 0.6 mm, p > 0.05, respectively). Both of these formulations had a bimodal droplet size distribution and very similar values for the droplet mean diameter (0.33 Β± 0.05 ΞΌm and 2.35 Β± 0.44; and 0.34 Β± 0.04 ΞΌm and 2.59 Β± 0.21 ΞΌm). The formulation obtained at a ratio of 60/40 was unstable during storage. The in vivo results did not reveal any signs of skin toxicity.Conclusion: Considering their beneficial properties, the developed bigels are a potential semi-solid vehicle for topical application and exhibit a moisturizing effect.Keywords: Almond oil, Bigels, Carbopol hydrogel, Moisturizing effect, Organogel, Sorbitan monostearat
Formulation And Performance Evaluation Of Betahistine Dihydrochloride Microspheres As Sustained Release Systems
ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°Π³ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ½ Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΡ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΈΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³, ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π³ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ², ΡΠΎΠΏΡΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΡΠ°. ΠΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π±Π΅ΡΠ°Π³ΠΈΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡΡ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Ρ - 3.4 Ρ. Π ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ
, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΡ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ βΠΎΠΊΠ½Π°β, ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ, ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π°Π»Ρ. ΠΡΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΊ ΡΡ
ΡΠ΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡΠΎΡΡΠ°. Π‘ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π° Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΡ-Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ. Π¦ΠΠΠ¬: Π Π°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎ-Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Ρ ΡΠ΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π±Π΅ΡΠ°Π³ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ½Π°, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΎ Π±Ρ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠΠ’ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠ« Π ΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠ«: ΠΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· W/Π ΡΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΠΊΡ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΎΡ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ, ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π±Π΅ΡΠ°Π³ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΊΠΈ. ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ Π±Π΅ΡΠ°Π³ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· ΡΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΠΊΡ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π» Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΎ-ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠ° ΠΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅Ρ
Optimization of Chitosan Microspheres Spray Drying via 32 Full Factorial Design
Background: Generally, the preparation of spray-dried microspheres is strongly affected by the process parameters. Particle size and production yield are mainly influenced by the spraying solution concentration and the pump rate of the spray dryer