Modern technology and the competence approach in teaching Еnglish as a second language

The article focuses on the ways of intensification of educational activity of students, increasing the level of their motivation to learn a foreign language using the competence approach. The authors describe the results of a survey on the use of modern technology in the classroom - electronic dictionaries, various apps and sites on this topic. These technical means as one of the elements of the communicative competence not only provide opportunities for effective acquisition of the material to be studied, but also have a strong emotional impact on students, serve as an incentive for creating additional motivation in further learning, and creative activities. The skills of using this kind of technology are developed by students in the process of learning a foreign language, motivating students to independent creative work and problem solving. Through interaction, students can increase their vocabulary in the process of reading or listening to authentic materials, talking and discussing information with other students, as well as working on group assignments. In order to use technical means effectively, while preparing for classes it is necessary to make sure that the content of these technical means corresponds to the level of students and to the content of the materials they use to study. In general, the approach to learning a foreign language discussed in the article produces a cumulative effect. In its turn the effect gained is expressed in the accumulation of communicative competence, ability to cooperate, the ability to search for a way of solving problems, tolerance etc

THE THIRD GREAT QUESTION IN RUSSIAN LITERATURE: “WHAT MEN LIVE BY” BY L. N. TOLSTOY

There are two great questions raised in Russian literature of the 19th century – “Who is to blame?” by A. I. Herzen and “What shall we do?” by N. G. Chernyshevsky. This article for the first time draws attention to the third great spiritual and ethic question of Russian literature – “what men live by?”. It was raised and answered by Leo Tolstoy in his short story “What men live by” (1881). A religious crisis the writer was undergoing while writing the story did not impede his discovering the truth by the fallen angel Michael: “there is love in men”, Man is not able to know his future, “each person lives not by self-concern but by love”. Individual welfare is manifested in global welfare. Analysis of moral and ethic problems of this parabolic story reveals the affirmation of supernatural and consecrated reality in life of the mankind, a chance for salvation by praying. Peculiarities of realism and psychologism, man’s soul dialectics, genre specificity of Tolstoy’s story of his late period are revealed in the article

Characteristics of growth and development of perennial grasses on the basis of meadow tetraploid clover

Perennial grasses are less dependent on weather and soil conditions than other crops due to their plasticity, low demand for growing conditions, and a large variety of species. In 2013-2017 in the conditions of the Udmurt Republic the biological properties of meadow tetraploid clover (Trifolium pratense L.), alfalfa changeable (Medicago x varia Martyn), birds-foot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.), eastern galega (Galéga orientális Lam.) and timothy grass (Phleum pratense L.) in double and triple agrocenoses were studied according to the age of the grass stand and the term of mowing. Plant density of perennial grasses in agrocenoses depended on the biological characteristics of the species, the age of grass stand and the term of mowing. In the first year of use of agrophytocenoses the density of stalk stand was at the level of 374-542 pcs /m2, in the second year of use it was a little higher (348-688 pcs /m2), in the third year of use – 240-594 pcs /m2. High density of meadow tetraploid clover in the grass stand was noted in the second year of use – 266-520 pcs/m2. The number of timothy grass stems (122-194 pcs/m2) in the grass mixture was high even in the first year of grass stand use, in the following years there was a further increase of this indicator to 196-412 pcs/m2. By the third year of use there was an increase in the number of stems of alfalfa changeable to 86-148 pcs/m2 and birds-foot trefoil – up to 108-200 pcs/m2. The plant density of the eastern galega in agrocenoses was low. The agrometeorological conditions of the year and the term of mowing affected the height and leafiness of perennial grass plants in agrocenoses. The leafiness of meadow tetraploid clover reached 64%, of the eastern galega – 74%. Timothy grass plants were less leafy – 23-38%. The height  of meadow clover plants was at the level of 51 cm, of timothy grass – 75-78 cm. Birds-foot trefoil was the shortest component of grass mixtures. High yield of dry mass of single-species sowing of meadow tetraploid clover was obtained in the first two years of use – 7.8 and 6.5 t/ha, respectively. By the third year of use, the productivity of clover decreased to 2.9 t/ha. The highest yields for the years of research were formed by the following agrocenoses: clover + alfalfa, clover + timothy, and clover + alfalfa + timothy – 5.9-6.3 t/ha

Algunos problemas prácticos de traducción relacionados con el concepto de “traducción filológica” (en el ejemplo de la traducción de las obras de C. Simon del francés al ruso)

The purpose of this paper is to put forward a hypothesis about the “philological translation” of literary texts of increased complexity and test it on the material of specific works. Based on the material of Russian and foreign translation studies, this paper formulates the concept of “philological translation” in the appendix to a specific publishing project within the series “Literary monuments” published by the Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and considers the most important practical aspects of the problem of adequate translation of literary texts of increased complexity. The analysis of the translation of two works by the representative of the French New Novel Claude Simon illustrates clearly the example of a “philological translation”. In the course of the study, the authors came to the conclusion that a philological translation implies an appeal to a text that is classical in its richness, complexity, and significance in world literature. The commercial potential of translating such a text is not obvious and requires the publisher to give up short-term profitability, the translator to give up routine work that fits into a predetermined time frame, and the reader to give up focusing on non-problematic (non-conflict, uncomplicated), linear, one-time reading/consumption of the book in favor of re-reading/savoring.El propósito de este trabajo es presentar una hipótesis sobre la “traducción filológica” de textos literarios de mayor complejidad y probarla en el material de obras específicas. Basado en el material de los estudios de traducción rusa y extranjera, el documento formula el concepto de "traducción filológica" en el apéndice de un proyecto editorial específico dentro de la serie "Monumentos literarios" publicada por el Instituto de Literatura Mundial de la Academia de Ciencias de Rusia, y considera los aspectos prácticos más importantes del problema de la traducción adecuada de textos literarios de mayor complejidad. El análisis de la traducción de dos obras por el representante de la Nueva Novela francesa Claude Simon ilustra claramente el ejemplo de una “traducción filológica”. En el curso del estudio, los autores llegaron a la conclusión de que una traducción filológica implica una apelación a un texto que es clásico en su riqueza, complejidad y significado en la literatura mundial. El potencial comercial de traducir un texto de este tipo no es obvio y requiere que el editor renuncie a la rentabilidad a corto plazo, que el traductor renuncie al trabajo de rutina que se ajusta a un marco de tiempo predeterminado y que el lector deje de centrarse en lo no problemático (no conflicto, sin complicaciones), lineal, lectura / consumo de una sola vez del libro a favor de volver a leer / saborear

Setting a precautionary catch limit for Antarctic krill

A revised precautionary catch limit for Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) in the Scotia Sea of 4 million tons was recently adopted by the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR). The limit was based on a total biomass of 44.3 million tons, as estimated from an acoustic and net survey of krill across the Scotia Sea sector of the Southern Ocean, and a harvest rate of 9.1%, as determined from an analysis of the risks of exceeding defined conservation criteria. We caution, however, that before the fishery can expand to the 4-inillion-ton level it will be necessary to establish mechanisms to avoid concentration of fishing effort, particularly in proximity to colonies of land-breeding krill predators, and to consider the effects of krill immigrating into the region from multiple sources

Продуктивность сортов клевера лугового в условиях Волго-Вятского региона

The selection of highly productive varieties is one way to increase crop yield, including red clover. New varieties should be specialised for the type of use and resistant to limiting environmental factors. The research aims to evaluate varieties of red clover of Russian and foreign breeding in terms of fodder and seed production in the conditions of the Volga-Vyatka region. The studies were carried out in 2019–2021. on soddy medium podzolic medium loamy soil in the forest-meadow zone of the Udmurt Republic. The meteorological conditions of the growing seasons in the years of research were different: 2019 - waterlogged Hydrothermal Coefficient (HTC) - 1.73), 2020 - slightly dry (HTC - 1.04), 2021 - dry (HTC - 0, 78), incl. in May and June significant dryness was noted (HTC - 0.42 and 0.52, respectively). Clover varieties reached mowing ripe in 56–61 days. Varieties Metis, Milena and Blizard stood out on average for two years of using red clover herbage in terms of yield (5.3–5.7 t/ha of dry weight). The increase in foliage up to 44–55% to 4.9–6.2 g (mass of one stem) contributed to high yields in these varieties. The dry matter of red clover varieties contained 0.3–0.7% phosphorus, 1.2–2.4% potassium and 0.5–1.1% calcium. The highest yield of metabolic energy (49.6 and 51.4 GJ/ha), digestible protein (0.60 and 0.65 t/ha) and feed units (3.87 and 3.89 thousand units/ha) were noted in varieties Dayana and Milena. The seed productivity of red clover varieties was 155–246 kg/ha. The highest (225–246 kg/ha) was observed in types Dayana, Krynia, VIK-77, and Ganymed. The yield of varieties Milena and Metis (198 and 205 kg/ha, respectively) was at the level of the standard array.Одним из способов повышения урожайности сельскохозяйственных культур, в том числе и клевера лугового, является подбор высокопродуктивных сортов, Новые сорта должны быть не только специализированными по типу использования, но и устойчивыми к лимитирующим факторам внешней среды. Цель исследований – оценка сортов клевера лугового российской и иностранной селекции по кормовой и семенной продуктивности в условиях Волго-Вятского региона. Исследования проведены в 2019–2021 гг. на дерново-среднеподзолистой среднесуглинистой почве в лесолуговой зоне Удмуртской Республики. Метеорологические условия вегетационных периодов в годы исследований были различными: 2019 г. – переувлажненный (ГТК – 1,73), 2020 г. – незначительно засушливый (ГТК – 1,04), 2021 г. – засушливый (ГТК – 0,78), в т.ч. в мае, июне отмечалась значительная засушливость (ГТК – 0,42 и 0,52 соответственно). Укосной спелости сорта клевера достигли за 56–61 день. В среднем за два года пользования травостоем клевера лугового по урожайности (5,3–5,7 т/га сухой массы) выделились сорта Метис, Милена и Близард. Получению высокой урожайности у данных сортов способствовало увеличение до 44–55% облиственности и до 4,9–6,2 г – массы одного стебля. В сухом веществе сортов клевера лугового содержалось 0,3–0,7 % фосфора, 1,2–2,4 – калия и 0,5–1,1 % кальция. Наибольший выход обменной энергии (49,6 и 51,4 ГДж/га), переваримого протеина (0,60 и 0,65 т/га) и кормовых единиц (3,87 и 3,89 тыс. к. ед/га) отмечен у сортов Даяна и Милена. Семенная продуктивность сортов клевера лугового была на уровне 155–246 кг/га, наибольшая (225–246 кг/га) отмечалась у сортов Даяна, Крыния, ВИК-77, Ганимед. Урожайность сортов Милена и Метис (198 и 205 кг/га соответственно) была на уровне стандартного сорта

PROVIDING PROFESSIONAL SELF-DEVELOPMENT OF EMPLOYEES OF THE MUNICIPAL SERVICE

The article discusses the process of professional self-development of employees of the municipal service in the aspect of designing the integrative content of the professional educational process on the basis of the structural-functional model of the socio-professional platform of the master's training and the competency-based model of the transprofessional development of subjects of socionic professions.В статье рассматривается процесс профессионального саморазвития работников муниципальной службы в аспекте проектирования интегративного содержания профессионально-образовательного процесса на основе структурно-функциональной модели социально-профессиональной платформы магистерской подготовки и компетентностной модели транспрофессионального развития субъектов социономических профессий

Modern view at the problem of immune incompatibility by pregnancy

The literature data of the etiology and pathogenesis of hemolytic disease of the fetus are analyzed in this review. The promising directions in the diagnosis of this pathology are also presented.В обзоре проанализированы данные литературы посвященные этиологии и патогенезу гемолитической болезни плода. Представлены перспективные направления диагностики данной патологии

On the question of human life safety in geologically active zones

Today geological active zones unite active faults of lithosphere especially earth’s crust and caused by them zones of increased permeability such as paleo-valleys and underground water flows, karst and geological bodies, that are different in terms of composition and structure from the enclosing rocks. There is an evidence that mortality in geologically active zones increases dramatically, mental instability is detected and road accidents are more frequent. The purpose of this paper is to estimate the frequency of suicides among the residents of Saint Petersburg living above the geologically active zones and outside these zones and the influence of geomagnetic and gravitational disturbances on them. The dynamics of suicides among residents of 446 high-rise building in the territory of the Kalininsky and Vasileostrovsky districts of the city of Saint Petersburg is analyzed. Geological structure of those buildings was most studied. From 1999 to 2003 there were 268 suicides among the residents of such buildings. The group A included homes that were at least 40 m above the nearest tectonic fault. Group B included residential buildings located above or in the immediate vicinity of the faults. During the geomagnetic storms, full moon and new moon periods the number of suicides in a group A decreased. Magnetic storms and gravitational disturbances did not affect the frequency of suicides in a group B. There is also no significant correlation between dynamics of suicides and daily values of the K-index of the geomagnetic field, as well as between dynamics of suicides and the 3-hour geomagnetic activity in both groups. Results of studies presented in this paper show that there is no evidence of a significant negative impact of tectonic faults on people living above them