Estimates of β for the logit link function based on best and univariate models for tiger probability of habitat use (ψ_1-km) in all landcover types in central Sumatra for manual covariates.

<p>Note:</p><p>*indicates strong or robust impact, that is 95% confidence intervals as defined by ±1.96×SE not overlapping 0; italics indicate opposite from <i>a priori</i> prediction. Overall = overall vegetation cover.</p

Estimates of β for the logit link function based on best and univariate models for tiger probability of habitat use (ψ_1-km) within acacia plantations in central Sumatra for manual covariates.

<p><u>Note</u>:</p><p>*indicates strong or robust impact, that is 95% confidence intervals as defined by ±1.96×SE not overlapping 0; italics indicate opposite from <i>a priori</i> prediction.</p

Map of the study area in central Sumatra.

<p>Map of the study area in central Sumatra.</p

Estimates of β for the logit link function based on best and univariate models for tiger probability of habitat use (ψ_1-km) within acacia plantations in central Sumatra for plantation-specific manual covariates.

<p><u>Note</u>:</p><p>*indicates strong or robust impact, that is 95% confidence intervals as defined by ±1.96×SE not overlapping 0; italics indicate opposite from <i>a priori</i> prediction.</p

Top models (<i>w</i>_i>0) for tiger probability of habitat use (ψ_1-km) in central Sumatra across all landcover types in the landscape based on detection history data collected at transect sites (n = 1857, 1-km transects) in six landcover types.

<p>Note: Psi = probability of site occupancy/habitat use; p = probability of detection; thta0 = spatial dependence parameter - probability that the species is present locally, given the species was not present in the previous site; thta1 = spatial dependence parameter -probability that a species is present locally, given it was present at the previous site. LCCode = landcover code; AltDEM = Altitude; Precip = Precipitation; dtwater = distance to freshwater; Dtfedge07 = distance to forest edge; dtf05cr = Distance to nearest centroid of forest block greater than 50,000 ha; dtpacr = distance to centroid of protected area; Dtmprd = Distance to major public road; LCFor = forest(1) or nonforest(0).</p

Estimates of β for the logit link function based on best and univariate models for tiger probability of habitat use (ψ_1-km) within acacia plantations in central Sumatra for landscape covariates.

<p><u>Note</u>:</p><p>*indicates strong or robust impact, that is 95% confidence intervals as defined by ±1.96×SE not overlapping 0; italics indicate opposite from <i>a priori</i> prediction. AltDEM = altitude; Precip = precipitation;Dtwater = distance to freshwater body; dtfedge07 = distance to forest edge; dtpacr = distance to centroid of protected areas; Dtmprd = distance to major public road; dtf05cr = Distance to nearest centroid of forest block greater than 50,000 ha.</p

Map of probability of tiger occupancy in the central Sumatra landscape.

<p>This map is constructed from the best occupancy model developed based on the landscape-scale survey in 17×17 km grid cells representing forest and other major landcover types.</p

Top models depicting tiger probability-of-occupancy (ψ_{17×17 km}) at the landscape-scale with 17×17 km grid-level landscape covariates in Riau Province, central Sumatra.

<p>Psi = probability of site occupancy/habitat use; p = probability of detection; thta0 = spatial dependence parameter representing the probability that the species is present locally, given the species was not present in the previous spatial replicate; thta1 = spatial dependence parameter representing the probability that a species is present locally, given it was present at the previous spatial replicate. AltDEM = Altitude; dtf05cr = Distance to nearest centroid of forest block greater than 50,000 ha; LCFor = Code for forest (1) or non forest (0); For07Area = Area of forest in the grid based on 2007 data; dtpacr = distance to centroid of protected area; Def0607 = Deforested area from 2006 to 2007 in each grid cell; Precip = Precipitation; Dtmprd = Distance to major public road.</p

Estimates of β for the logit link function based on best and univariate models for tiger probability of habitat use (ψ_1-km) in all landcover types in central Sumatra for landscape covariates.

<p>Note:</p><p>*indicates strong or robust impact, that is 95% confidence intervals as defined by ±1.96×SE not overlapping 0; italics indicate opposite from <i>a priori</i> prediction. LCCode = landcover code; AltDEM = Altitude; Precip = Precipitation; dtwater = distance to freshwater; Dtfedge07 = distance to forest edge; dtpacr = distance to centroid of protected area; Dtmprd = Distance to major public road.</p

Summary of survey effort and detection of tigers in five landcover types in Riau Province, central Sumatra.

<p>*number of sites where the species was detected divided by total number of sites surveyed.</p