Characteristics of HIV negative and positive groups.

<p>Characteristics of HIV negative and positive groups.</p

Willingness to be exposed to infectious pathogens for end of life research.

<p>Our surveys found that around one-third of the HIV-negative group was willing to be exposed to and infected by an infectious pathogen for the sake of research. Participants were most willing to be exposed to streptococcus (33.6%. <i>n</i> = 118) infections, followed by HIV (29.9%, <i>n</i> = 105).</p

Willingness to shorten lifespan for end of life research.

<p>Our surveys found that 69.2% (<i>n</i> = 68) of HIV-positive and 70.8% (<i>n</i> = 261) of HIV-negative participants were willing to shorten their lifespans for the sake of end of life research. A higher proportion (31.2%) of the HIV-positive group was willing to donate >4 weeks of their lives. About a third of respondents in both groups stated that they were unwilling to shorten their lifespans for the sake of research.</p

Attitudes toward research participation by HIV status.

<p>Attitudes toward research participation by HIV status.</p

Behavioral and clinical factors and bi-variable associations with prevalent HIV infection.

<p>IQR: Inter-quartile range (25%–75%). CI: Confidence interval. VS: vaginal sex; PP: primary partner; CP: casual partner. STI: sexually transmitted infection. UTI: urinary tract infection.</p>*<p>Crude Odds Ratio and p-value for the association between each variable and HIV-1 infection (chi-square test).</p>§<p>p-value from chi-square test for trend.</p>1<p>Missing data = 1.</p>2<p>Missing data = 2.</p>3<p>Missing data = 3.</p>4<p>Not applicable (no PP): use of condom during VS with PP = 94; PP have had sex with CP = 100; PP ever tested for HIV = 97.</p

Risk factors associated with late HIV diagnosis (CD4≤350 cell/µL) in bivariable and multivariable analysis.

<p>OR: odds ratio. 95% CI: Confidence Interval.</p>1<p>Gynecological pathologies: amenorrhea (1), dysmenorrhoea (1), genital warts (1), ovaries cysts (1), infertility (4), miscarriage (4), pelvic inflammatory disease (1), uterine myoma (1), vaginal bleeding (3).</p>*<p>Crude OR for the association between each variable and CD4 count ≤350 cell/µL (chi-squared test).</p>§<p>P-value from chi-square test for trend.</p>ξ<p>OR and P-value adjusted for all variables in the table (likelihood ratio test).</p

Demographic factors and bivariable associations with prevalent HIV infection.

<p>IQR: Inter-quartiles Range (25%–75%). CI: Confidence interval.</p>*<p>Crude OR and P-value for the association between each variable and HIV-1 infection (chi-square test).</p>§<p>P-value from chi-square test for trend.</p>1<p>Missing data = 1.</p>2<p>Missing data = 2.</p>3<p>Missing data = 3.</p>4<p>Includes office work, manual labor, food service and housewife.</p>5<p>Local currency (Metical): 1 USD = 25 Meticais in November 2010.</p>5<p>Hormonal contraceptives: oral contraceptives, injectables, implants.</p

Risk factors associated with HIV infection in bivariable and multivariable analysis.

<p>OR: odds ratio. 95% CI: 95% Confidence interval. STI: sexual transmitted infection.</p>1<p>Genital symptoms: vaginal discharge (400), painful urination (133), lower abdominal pain (300), vaginal itching or burning (261), pain during intercourse (213), vaginal sore (54).</p>2<p>Missing data: number HIV test in lifetime = 1.</p>3<p>Not applicable (no PP) = 97. When comparing ‘Do not know’ to ‘Yes’ the aOR = 1.72 (1.12–2.45).</p>*<p>Crude OR and P-value for the association between each variable and HIV-1 infection (chi-square test).</p>§<p>P-value from chi-square test for trend.</p>ξ<p>OR and P-value adjusted for all variables in the table (likelihood ratio test).</p

Kaplan-Meier curves for time to HIV seroconversion according to HSV-2 status at baseline.

<p>Kaplan-Meier curves for time to HIV seroconversion according to HSV-2 status at baseline.</p

Multivariable models of factors associated with HSV-2 incidence in high risk women in Beira, Mozambique.

<p>aOR, Adjusted Odds Ratio; *Continuous variables; R², Coefficient of Determination; AIC, Akaike Information Criterion; BIC, Bayesian Information Criterion; PP, Primary Partner; CP, Casual Partner.</p>a<p>The following variables were also assessed for their association with incident HSV-2 but were not significant at the p<0.2 level in bivariable models:</p><p>Categorical variables: education, employment status, family planning use, age at first sexual intercourse (years), number of sexual partners in the last month, number of new sexual partners in the last month, age of PP (years), ever exchanged sex, forced to have sex in the last month, PP had sex with others last 6 months, oral sex with PP in the last month, anal sex with PP in the last month, anal sex with CP in the last month, frequency of vaginal sex with PP using condom in the last month and frequency of vaginal sex with CP using condom in the last month.</p><p>Continuous variables: frequency vaginal sex with CP using condom in the last 7 days, frequency of vaginal sex with PP in the last month and frequency of vaginal sex with CP in the last month.</p