Characteristics of the 319 mother-infant dyads of the Epigenetic Birth Cohort included in this study.

*<p>First value: percent among study population with cord blood samples, second value: among study population with placenta samples.</p

Maternal and fetal weight trajectories and LINE-1 global methylation among the 319 mother-infant dyads of the Epigenetic Birth Cohort included in this study.

a<p>Linear regression models were adjusted for maternal age at delivery, maternal ethnicity, maternal smoking prior to or during pregnancy, and for the sex of the child.</p>b<p>Additionally adjusted for preterm birth.</p>c<p>Additionally adjusted for prepregnancy BMI.</p>d<p>Based on the Institute of Medicine 2009 guidelines for gestational weight gain.</p

Study participant characteristics.

<p>Characteristics of the participants in this study are shown as median (range). The participants were divided into three subgroups: control subjects, T2D patients and MetS patients. The Kruskal-Wallis Test was performed to test for differences between the three groups. The Wilcoxon Rank-Sum Test was performed to test for differences between two groups of participants.</p

DNA methylation levels of individual CpG loci located in the <i>KCNJ11</i>, <i>PPARγ</i>, <i>FTO</i> and <i>PDK4</i> genes.

<p>DNA methylation levels of specific CpG loci are shown as median (range). The Kruskal-Wallis Test was performed to test for differences between the three groups. The Wilcoxon Rank-Sum Test was performed to test for differences between two groups of participants. DNA methylation levels of individual CpG loci, located in the genes <i>KCNJ11</i>, <i>PPARγ</i>, <i>FTO</i> and <i>PDK4</i> were significantly different between groups of participants (p<b>≤</b>0.05). None of the other CpG loci included in this study were significantly different between our groups of participants (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0180955#pone.0180955.s003" target="_blank">S2 Table</a>).</p

Correlations between DNA methylation and characteristics of study participants.

<p>Gene specific DNA methylation levels are shown relative to patient characteristics.</p

Differences in candidate gene methylation between controls, T2D and MetS participants.

<p>Gene specific DNA methylation levels are shown as median (range). The Kruskal-Wallis Test was performed to test for differences between the three groups. The Wilcoxon Rank-Sum Test was performed to test for differences between two groups of participants.</p

Comparisons of methylation values between blood and matching mammary tissue in different subgroups of patients.

<p>Black circles correspond to the methylation value for an individual participant.</p

Characteristics of the 87 women included in this study, drawn from the Clinical Breast Care Project.

1<p>Percentages may not add up to 100 due to missing values.</p

Comparisons between blood and mammary tissue DNA methylation.

<p>Axes correspond to percent-methylation observed in blood and mammary tissue, respectively. Crosses correspond to non-cancerous cases, and circles to invasive cases.</p

Average percent-methylation in leukocyte and mammary tissue DNA from women with benign breast disease and invasive breast cancer.

<p>N corresponds to the number of samples for which methylation values are available for both blood and mammary tissue. Values are means ± standard deviations. Spearman's ρ was calculated excluding pairs with unknown values.</p